15科技英语.ppt

缩写（Abbreviations） 缩写应不与测量单位、元素符号、基团 名称混同，易理解、表义单一。 ? 一篇文章通篇多次重复使用一个很长的名称或术语，则可适当使用缩写，这类名称或术语在正文首次出现时，应先给出全称，随之在括号内写出缩写，之后便可全文使用。对于通用的缩写则无需再予定义。诸如： a.m. before noon anal. analysis at. wt atomic weight bp boiling point ca. about CP chemical pure ed. edition Ed., Eds. Editor, Editors e.g. for example eq(s) equation(s)[with number(s)] et al. and others etc. and so forth fp freezing point i.e. that is IR infrared mp melting point Mr relative molecular mass (molecular weight) NMR nuclear molecular resonance p, pp page, pages p.m. after noon P.O. Post Office (with Box and number) ref(s) reference(s)[with number(s)] sp vol specific volume U.K. United Kingdom U.S. United States USP United States Pharmacopeia UV ultraviolet vol volume vs versus v/v volume per volume wt weight w/v weight per volume w/w weight per weight such as 诸如 for example 例如 e. g. 是拉丁文exempli gratia 的缩写，等同于 for example i. e. 等同于 that is, in other words, namely etc. 是 et cetera 的缩写，等同于and so on, 用于列举事物 et al 是拉丁文et alii 的缩写，等同于and others, 用于列举人 对于缩略词还应注意到： 小写字母构成的缩略词一般使用缩略点； 而大写字母构成的缩略词一般不使用缩略点 e.g. etc. p.m. vol. et al. (计量单位除外 m, cm, km) Fig.4, Eq(3) 等缩略结构若出现在句首，须写出全称Figure 4, Equation(3) 由“”构成的缩略词, 前后均不留空 RD 升、降温速率也可用with, 但如with已用于使用某种仪器前，则扫描速率仍须用at。 The melting range of this polymer was 138～163℃, and the heat of fusion was 24 cal/g, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry with a scan speed of 8℃/min. ? … subsequently the specimens were cooled down, and crystallization thermograms were recorded at scan speed