Henry II.pptVIP

Henry II 亨利二世的家庭 　　妻子：阿基坦的埃莉诺 (1124 -1204)，1152年结婚  　　子女：  　　1.威廉（普瓦捷伯爵），早夭  　　2.亨利（幼王）（1154年或1155年12月28日—1183年6月11日）英格兰王储，安茹伯爵，诺曼底公爵，摄政王（死在亨利二世之前）  　　3.玛蒂尔达(1156- 1189)，又写作莫德，萨克森女公爵  　　4.理查一世(1157- 1199)  　　 5.杰弗里(Geoffrey, Archbishop of York)（1158年9月23日—1186年8月19日）布列塔尼公爵（布列塔尼是法国地名）  6.莱奥诺拉  7.琼 (Joan Plantagenet) (1165- 1199)  8.无地王约翰 (1167- 1216)  　　亨利二世的情妇克利福德的罗丝蒙德为他生了三个儿子，即：杰弗里二世（金雀花的），约克主教 ，威廉·朗斯沃德，索尔兹伯里伯爵 彼得 Domestic policy POLITICAL the House of Plantagenet（金雀花大王朝） In 1154 Henry succeeded to the throne of England as Henry II. He was the first king of the House of Plantagenet and ruled it for 35 years. He married the French Princess and acquired all western France from Normandy to Spanish border. He ruled all the land between Scotland and Spain. No lords could dare to disobey him. Courts and Laws Henry II‘s reign saw the establishment of Royal Magistrate [?m?d?istreit] courts(皇家法院). This allowed court officials under authority of the Crown to adjudicate local disputes（当地争端）, reducing the workload on Royal courts proper and delivering justice with greater efficiency. Henry also worked to make the legal system fairer. Henry‘s support of juries (陪审团)was a great contribution to the country’s social history and allowed for a smoother transition（过渡） from ordeal（神裁法 ） to jury than was managed in other European nations where trial（审问） by inquisition （审讯）and even torture（折磨） became commonplace. Religious policy In the tradition of Norman kings（诺曼国王）, Henry II was keen to have secular law（世俗法 ） predominate over（凌驾于） the law of the church. The clergy（神职人员 ） had a free hand, and were not required to obey laws of the land that conflicted with the governance of the church. Henry II wanted the laws of the land to be obeyed by all, clergy and laity（俗人） alike. At Clarendon Palace（克拉伦登宫 ） on 30 January 1164, the king set out sixteen constitutions, aimed at decreasing ecclesiastical [i?kli:zi??stik?l] interference（教会干扰） from Rome. Henry II ‘s