科技英语复习资料整理.docVIP

A篇 Unit 1 Ⅱ. 1. The word automation was coined at Ford Motor Company in 1945. 2. That is by means of adequate measurement，observation, and control of its behavior. 3. It refers the three words: communication, computation, and control. 4. Without automation, the manager is compelled to spend this time making a series of decisions on the basis of very limited information and a great deal of hunch or experience. 5. It is not a question of machines replacing men; it is largely a question of extending men’s faculties by machines so that in fact they become better, more competent men. Ⅳ. 1. at all levels 各级的 2. in a clear-cut form 准确无误的 3. on the basis of 根据 4. general manager computer 总管理计算机 5. at maximum efficiency 高效率地 6. 综合信息 intergrated information 7. 炼钢工业 steel-making 8. 矫正操作 corrective action 9. 冲孔卡 punched cards 10. 螺旋输送器 screw conveyors  Ⅴ. 1. 自动化按其确切的意义，只有全面运用通信、计算和控制三个主要组成部分（“三C )才能完全实现。 2. 就高炉来说，需要给计算机提供装人高炉的原料的信息、高炉工作温度的信息和处理各种各样配料的最好方法等方面的资料。 3. 钢厂的高炉操作是一项复杂而要求技术熟练的作业，需要大量的知识和大量的综合信息，并迅速地做出判定选择，以便确保高炉工艺流程中的下一阶段的有效工作。 4. 信息数据和计算机据此所进行的运算，也总是往上面送到称为总管理计算机的机构中去（或许我应该说，为了防止误解，总管理计算机就是对管理人员起辅助作用的计算机），帮助他们决定在例行工作中或组织机构中进行什么样的变化（如果有的话），以便更有效地管理各个部门，使之与总的经营政策协调一致。 5. 一个受欢迎的结果将可能是使委员会会议和大会讨论更加简洁和条理清晰，更加实事求是和有效率。而且在许多情况下，完全不需要开会。 Ⅵ. 1. Grain was fed into a flour mill by means of a bucket conveyor，and water power moved it over a series of endless belt and screw conveyors through coarse and fine grinding operations until flour emerged. 2. Having the combination of two or more automatic operations on a standard machine, such as found with automatic bar machines, vertical turret lathes, and others，is not what is meant by automation. These machines are highly mechanized. 3. Automation has been, and still is, a greatly misused word, but its proper meaning, a