微积分讲义chap24.docVIP

2.4 Cauchy sequence 2.27. Definition. Let be a sequence of R is called a Cauchy sequence if given any 0, NN s.t for n, m N. 2.28. Remark. 1 If is convergent, then is Cauchy. Proof. Suppose L. Given 0, NN s.t for n N. For n, m N is Cauchy Remark. Every Cauchy sequence of R is bounded Proof: Let be a Cauchy sequence of R Given 1, NN s.t N +1 take M max For each nN M is bounded. 2.29. Theorem Let be a sequence of real number. Then is Cauchy iff convergent. Pf: “” By Remark. 2.28. “” is Cauchy is bounded By Bolzano-Weierstrass Thm, we know that has a convergent subsequence with limit L Now we show that L. Given 0, N s.t for . Moreover, N s.t for n, m. For nN: max , ＞Ｎ + is convergent to L. 2.30: Example Prove that any real sequence which satisfies ,nN is convergent. Proof. If m n ,then given 0 NN s.t for nN For n,m N is Cauchy is convergent.