加工中心刀柄结构说明详解.ppt

Tool Holders/刀夹系统 In the system of spindle + tool holder + cutting tool, the tool holder is the link that has the most effect on overall concentricity and balance. Don’t think of it as commodity hardware. As spindle speed increases, the choice of tool holder has more impact on process effectiveness 在主轴+刀柄+刀具这样的一个系统中，刀柄是影响同心度和动平衡一个关键环节，千万不能将它当成一般的部件来看待。随着主轴转速的增加，刀柄的选择对于加工的影响将显得越来越重要。 Two Face Contact HSK holders/两面接触HSK刀柄 Centrifugal force from fast spindle speeds can cause the tool holder to retract when the spindle and holder touch only along the taper. Two-face contact at the spindle interface can solve this problem. HSK is a widely used tool holder design that features two-face contact 对于仅仅是锥度连接的刀夹系统来说，当主轴在高速旋转的情况下，因为主轴本身锥孔的膨胀，而主轴和刀柄的连接又仅仅是通过锥度面连接，此时刀柄受到拉力的影响会有一个回缩。 两面接触的连接方式有助于解决该问题。HSK即是被广泛使用的一种两面接触的刀夹系统。 Two Face Contact Holders/两面接触刀柄 Common tool holders leave a gap between the flange and spindle nose. Some tool holder systems close this gap to achieve two-face contact with a conventional taper Two such systems are shown. Both designs combine special tool holders with a special or modified spindle interface. Both designs leave intact the freedom to use regular tool holders when two-face contact isn’t needed The design at upper right mates tool holders that have extra material on the flange with a spindle interface that has extra material at the spindle nose The design at lower right uses a tool holder with a spring-like taper that stays in contact even if the spindle interface opens up. Shims attached to the spindle nose close the gap to the flange 普通的刀柄连接在主轴法兰面留有一个间隙。有一些的刀柄采取封闭这段间隙的方法来达到两面接触的目的； 该种设计如图所示。这两种连接都需要有特殊的主轴端面设计，在需不需要两面接触会有一定的选择自由； 如右上图所示。在刀柄与主轴紧密配合时会因为变形在主轴法兰连接面之间产生材料的挤压； 如右下图所示。使用带弹性锥面接触的刀柄。其中的垫片可以封闭主轴法兰的间隙。 Concentricity Balance/同心度和动平衡 Concentricity (Runout) determines that the cutting edges take nearly the same bite all the way around the tool. Balance determines that weight is evenly distributed, so centrifugal force does not create e