X54K立式铣床的控化改造.docVIP

摘要 我国目前的机床总量约为380万台，而且其中数控机床总数约为11万台，数控化率不到3％，与国际上数控化率50％相差甚远。因此，机床数控化改造对于我国制造业信息化是很有必要性的。 针对某厂X5040型普通铣床数控化改造项目，提出了该机床数控化改造的方案并实施了改造。 完成的主要工作如下： 1、机械部分改造。通过对机床各部分结构、运动及参数的分析，确定了机械部分改造方案。保留原机床主轴箱，取消进给箱的传动装置，改为用交流伺服电机代替；导轨进行打磨、刮研；丝杠改为滚珠丝杠。 2、数控系统选择。通过对国内外数控系统的比较，遵从性价比高、综合成本低的原则，最后确定采用国产DTM．5T数控系统。 3、电气部分改造。电气部分分别对强电和弱电进行了改造，将主轴电机更换为交流伺服电机，实现宽的调速范围；进给部分增加交流伺服电机，实现数控化控制。通过各项参数的设定和PLC程序，实现机床电气控制。 4、精度测试和标准样件试加工。机床改造后，对机床静态的几何精度进行检测；通过标准样件的试加工，利用三坐标仪对其进行检测，从而来检查机床的工作精度。检测的结果各项精度达到指标，因此机床改造满足客户的要求。关键词：数控机床；数控化改造；数控系统 Abstraot The number of machine tools is thirty eight thousands in China now days， among which，eleven thousands are the numerical control ones．The rate ofnumerical control is not up to 3％．far less than 50％in the developed countries． The modification of non—numerical machine tools is of great importance in thedevelopment of MSEs in manufacturing sector． This project was focused on the modification of milling machine typedX5040．The process Was as follow： 1．Modification of mechanical partsAfter the analysis of structure，motion and parameters of the machine inquestion，the headstock was remained，the transmission elements of feed box wascancelled and replaced with AC servo motor．The ways were grinding andscraping．and the lead screw was replaced、th ball screw． 2．Selection of numerical control systemCompared with ratio of performance and cost in this country and abroad，thenumerical control system was selected called DTM-5T． 3．Modification of electrical appliancesThe spindle motor Was replaced with AC servo motor dynamo for widervelocity modulation．With step motor and selected PLC program，the electricalcontrol Was carried out． 4．Measurements and specimen—machiningThe static and geometrical precisions were tested with this milling tool，andthe standard specimen Was machined．With the measurements of specimen bymeans of three．dimensional coordinates test machine，the test results shown thatthe requirements of modification were reached． Key words：NC machine tool；modif