【必备资料】托福阅读经典背景材料-男人比女人更自恋.docVIP

【必备资料】托福阅读经典背景材料-男人比女人更自恋 托福阅读备考我们需要掌握大量的词汇以及长难句的理解和一些背景材料，如果勤练习真题加上方法技巧。相信大家会有不错的收获。那么，在以下内容中，我们就为大家带来一些托福阅读的背景材料，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。 Now it is official. Men really are more narcissistic than women, according to a massive American study which analysed three decades of data from more than 475,000 people. 男性比女性更自恋，这一说法现在有官方支持了。美国一项研究通过分析三十年来超过47.5万人的数据得出此结论。 Researchers concluded that men had a greater senses of entitlement, making them more likely to exploit others. 研究人员得出的结论是，男性强烈的特权意识使他们趋向利用他人，为己谋利。 The findings were consistent across multiple age groups and generations, said the study’s authors at the University at Buffalo School of Management. 来自布法罗大学管理学院的研究人员表示，该项研究在各年龄群以及不同年代人群中的结果都是一致的。 However, men can take comfort in one conclusion from the study - narcissism may also have some positive effects. 然而，该项研究中的一个结论可让男性有所释然——自恋可能也会产生积极的影响。 “Narcissism is associated with various interpersonal dysfunctions, including an inability to maintain healthy long-term relationships, unethical behaviour and aggression,” said Emily Grijalva, assistant professor of organisation and human resources, and the paper’s lead author. 该项研究论文的主要作者、组织与人力资源助理教授艾米丽?格里哈尔瓦表示：“自恋与各种人际关系失调有关，包括无法维持良性发展的长期关系，行为不检点和强势好斗。” “At the same time, narcissism is shown to boost self-esteem, emotional stability and the tendency to emerge as a leader.” “同时，自恋促进自尊自信，情绪稳定和领袖潜能。” They sifted through more than 355 journal articles, dissertations, manuscripts and technical manuals, and studied gender differences in what they described as the three aspects of narcissism: leadership/authority, grandiosity/exhibitionism and entitlement. 研究员对超过355份期刊文章、专题论文、文章手稿和技术手册进行筛选整理，并从领导力/权威性、好大喜功/爱出风头，以及自我权益意识等表现自恋的三个方面着手研究性别差异。 It meant examining reactions to statements such as, “If I ruled the world, it would be a much better place,” and “I know that I am good because everyone keeps telling me so.” 这项研究测试人们听到以下言论时的反应，如“世界若由我统治，将会更加美好。”和“我知道我很优秀，因为每个人都这么对我说。” They found the widest gap in entitlement, suggesting that men were m