洞庭湖区低洼湖田虾稻轮作技术分析.docVIP

洞庭湖区低洼湖田虾稻轮作技术分析 　　摘要 洞庭湖拥有大片低洼湖田，由于地势低洼，受洪涝灾害影响大，因此目前主要以种植一季中稻为主，其他时间处于闲置状态，极大影响低洼湖田的高效利用。为此，洞庭湖区低洼湖田虾稻轮作复合农业模式的集成与创新得到了持续推动和完善，针对湖南省岳阳市君山区良心堡镇护城村8 hm2低洼湖田虾稻轮作进行试验，结果表明：虾稻轮作模式使低洼湖田没有闲置期，且避开了洞庭湖区主要的气象灾害且改良土壤，全年产值53 841元/hm2左右，较原来仅种植一季中稻增加产值31 827元/hm2。低洼湖田虾稻轮作复合农业模式是一种高效的经济生态型模式。 　　关键词 低洼湖田；小龙虾；一季中稻；轮作技术；洞庭湖区 　　中图分类号 S966.129.2；S511.048 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2015）15-0260-03 　　Rotation Technology of Shrimp and Rice in Low-lying Field of Dongting Lake Area 　　FU Hui-qin 1 JIE Hong-Dong 1 XIANG Yu-huan 2 JIE Yu-cheng 1 * 　　（1 College of Agriculture，Hunan Agricultural University，Changsha Hunan 410128； 2 Yueyang Yuhuan Special Aquatic Products Production and Marketing Cooperatives） 　　Abstract There are a lot of shoaly land around Dongting lake area， the shoaly land are affected by the floods，so the mainly planting pattern in the shoaly land is middle-season rice.The pattern of lobster rice rotation with composite integration and innovation of agricultural patterns was continued to be promoted and perfected.In shoaly land of Dongting Lake，there is 8 hectare shoaly land in Hucheng Village，Liangxingbao Town in Yueyang City，which was elected as the research object to carry out technical expeirment of rice and lobster rotation.The preliminary results showed that the lobster rice rotation pattern avoided the main meteorological disasters of Dongting lake and improved soil，the total output value was 5384 yuan per hectare，compared with middle-season rice，the lobster rice rotation pattern increase the output value about 31827 yuan per hectare.The lobster rice rotation pattern in the shoaly land is a kind of efficient ecological economy. 　　Key words shoaly land；shrimp；middle-season rice；rotation technology；Dongting Lake Area 　　洞庭湖区域大量的低洼稻田只能种植一季水稻，还有一些低洼稻田处于闲置状态，这是对低洼湖田资源的极大浪费。通过长期实践和集成创新，近年来涌现了一些低洼湖田种养结合的复合农业模式，虾、稻轮作模式就是其中重要的一种。在湖北和湖南的广大的洞庭湖区域涌现了一大批从事虾稻轮作复合农业模式的专业合作社与大户，取得了很好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。湖南省岳阳市君山区良心堡镇护成村地势低洼，低洼湖田是主要耕作农田资源。2007年以前低洼稻田的利用是一季稻+闲置模式，纯收入9 000元/hm2左右，20