FlatBandandFractionalChernInsulators课稿.ppt

* * * * * * * * To mimic the LL, the FB is expected to be (1) nearly flat; (2) well separated from the other bands; (3) uniform in terms of Berry curvature. However, these ideal conditions are usually difficult to satisfy simultaneously. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * outline Make flat band Line graph method; Cell construction method; Orbital selection method (XYH model); Obtain FCI states XYH model – ?=1/3 FCI state; Checkboard model (CB) – ?=1/3 , ?=1/2, ?=3/5 FCI states; Our recent work on triangular lattice Our latest results How to make band flat? Electrons in a crystal move just like free electrons, expect for a different effective mass as defined by the band dispersion. Since the kinetic energy of electron is quenched in FB, the Coulomb interaction becomes critical, giving rise to various exotic many-body states: FM, SC, Wigner crystal and FCI. A. Line graph B. Cell construction C. Orbital section D. etc.... Method 1 - Line graph bond-side exchange Ref: Z. Liu, YS. Wu, etc. arXiv:1404.1131 eigenvalues quasi-particle of the flat band The state of FB Transformed to real space The “self-trapped” localized eigenstates is a common feature of all FB models. Localized G point is a singularity Method 2 – Cell construction “internal site + external site” Creation operator of quasi-particles of the middle band is obtained Method 3 – Orbital section (XYH model) Exploiting the orbital freedom s-type p-type (negligible) The Hamiltonian is The eigenstates are Open the gap (e.g. XYH model) For the TB XYH model, the spin-orbit coupling has the form C= 1 C= 0 C= 0 C=-1 Add two-body interactions (XYH model) How to get FCI states? Consider the checkboard model (CB model) The k-space Hamiltonian is where Ref: [1] K. Sun, S. Das Sarma, etc. , PRL 106, 236803 (2011) [2] DN. Sheng, etc., nature Comm 2, 389 (2011) C=1 The lowest band is nearly flat; With different interactions, we can obtain Laughlin, Moore-Read and Read-Reza