Unit 6 Whn was it invented知识点讲解及练习.docVIP

Unit 6 When was it invented? 【知识点整理】?? ??1.?被动语态?? ??（1）被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。?? ??（2）被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词（如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词）?? ??（3）被动语态中的be?是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。?? ????一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词?? ????一般过去时的被动语态为：was/were+?过去分词?? ????与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+?be?+?过去分词?? ??（4）被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by?表示“由，被”的意思，如何理解被动语态？?? ????主动语态：?主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他成分?? ????被动语态：?主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语+其他成分?? ????? 如：Many?people??speak??English.?? ???? English?is?spoken?by?many?people.???? ??3.?invent?v.?发明????????inventor?n.?发明家???????invention?n.?发明，可数名词?? ??4.?be?used?for?doing?，用来做…（是被动语态） ?? ??Pens?are?used?for?writing.?笔是用来写的。?? ??5.?给某人某样东西??????give?sth.?to?sb.?????I?gave?a?pen?to?him.?我给他一支笔。?? ???? give?sb.?sth.??????I?gave?him?a?pen.?我给他一支笔。???? ??6.?all?day?整天?? ??7.?salty??adj.?咸的??salt??n.?盐?? ??8.?by?mistake?错误地（犯错是：make?mistake，这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握）?? ????I?took?the?umbrella?by?mistake.?我不小心拿错了雨伞。?? ??9.?make?sb./sth+形容词：使…怎么样?????????It?made?me?happy.?它使我高兴?? ??????make?sb./sth+名词：让…做…???????It?made?me?laugh.?它让我发笑?? ??10.?by?accident?意外，偶然（常见短语，考的最多的是它的意思）?? ????I?met?her?by?accident?at?bus?stop.?我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。???? ??11.?not…until…?直到…才…（重中之重，这个用法非常重要！经常出现在选择题中）?? ??? ?I?didnt?go?to?bed?until?I?finished?my?work.?我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。?? ??12.?according?to?+名词：根据…?? ?? ??according?to?this?article根据这篇文章?? ??13.?over?an?open?fire?野饮?? ??14.?leaf??n.?叶子???复数形式?leaves（大家还记得名词变复数的规则吗？）?? ??15.?nearby?adj.?附近的???? ??16.?fall?into?落入，掉进????????The?leaf?fell?into?the?river.?叶子落入了河里。?? ????????fall?down?摔倒????????She?fell?down?from?her?bike.?她从她自行车摔倒了。? ??17.?quite?非常?adv.???? ????quite?a?beautiful?girl?一个漂亮的女孩?? ??18.?in?the?way?这样?? ??19.?pleased?adj.?表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快?? ????????pleasant?adj.?愉快，高兴。指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快?? ????????please?v.?使高兴，使同意?? ??20.?battery-operated??adj.?电池控制的，是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词???? ??21.?in?the?sixth?century?在第6世纪?? ??22.?travel?around?周游?? ??23.?more?than?==?over?超过（相比较，more?than更重要）?? ???? more?than?300?==?over?300:超过300?? ??24.?