动词的被动法.pptVIP

动词的被动法 The rules and usages of the passive voice of main verbs 完成进行时 Perfect Progressive 完成进行时 Perfect Progressive 有三种现在完成进行时have 、has been doing 过去完成进行时had + been +doing 将来完成进行时 will + have + been+doing 过去时态有五种 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 过去将来时 现在时态有三种 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 Voice 语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语（动作的发出者或动作的承受者）和谓语之间的关系。语态分两种形式：主动语态和被动语态。 The passive voice If a verb is in the active voice, the person who performs the action is the subject of the verb. If a verb is in the passive voice, the thing or person affected by the action is the subject of the verb. 被动语态的应用条件 如何使用被动语态 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 这时可省 by 短语 。 e.g. My bike was stolen last night.　　2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。 e.g. I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.　　3. 为了更好地安排句子。 e.g. The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. 及物动词和不及物动词 不及物动词没有被动语态。 及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。 　1 及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词 transitive verb 。如： 　　I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.　 　“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked. 不及物动词 2 不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词 intransitive verb 。如： 　　Birds fly. 　　It happened in June 1932. She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 不及物动词 及物动词 vt. 字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。 不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。to pay for the damage 　　to pay for a lesson 被动语态的时态构成： 被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现 be + done 句子结构：主语（动作的承受者） + be+ 动词过去分词 （ by + 动作执行者） 被动语态的各种时态 1 am/is/are +done?一般现在时 e.g. Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）?am/is /are being done?现在进行时　　e.g. A new cinema is being built here．3）?was/were done?一般过去时 e.g. I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 4）?was/were being done?过去进行时　　e.g. A meeting was being held when I was there.5）?has /have been done?现在完成时　　e.g. All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start.6）?had been done?过去完成时　　e.g. By the end of last year, another new gymn