第五章假设检验与统计推断.pptVIP

5-* 3.One Sample Tests for Proportions Example hypothesis H0: p ? p0 versus H1: p p0 Test statistic: Reject if z -za ? 5-* Example For the Customer Support Survey data, test the hypothesis that the proportion of overall quality responses in the top two boxes（3很好，4 非常好） is at least 0.75 H0: p ? .75 H0: p .75 Sample proportion 0.682; n 44 For a level of significance of 0.05, the critical value of z is -1.645; therefore, we cannot reject the null hypothesis 5-* PHStat Tool: One Sample z-Test for Proportions PHStat One Sample Tests z-Tests for the Proportion Enter null hypothesis, significance level, number of successes, and sample size Enter type of test 5-* Results 5-* 4.Type II Errors and the Power of a Test The probability of a Type II error, b, and the power of the test 1 – b cannot be chosen by the experimenter. The power of the test depends on the true value of the population mean, the level of confidence used, and the sample size. A power curve shows 1 – b as a function of m1. 5-* Finding the Probability of a Type II Error 5-* How b Depends on H1 5-* How b Depends on Sample Size 5-* Example Power Curve 5-* 三、两样本假设检验1.Two Sample Tests for Means – Standard Deviation Known Example hypothesis H0: m1 – m2 ? 0 versus H1: m1 - m2 0 Test Statistic: Reject if z -za 5-* Two Sample Tests for Means – Sigma Unknown and Equal Example hypothesis H0: m1 – m2 ? 0 versus H1: m1 - m2 0 Test Statistic: Reject if z za 5-* Two Sample Tests for Means – Sigma Unknown and Unequal Example hypothesis H0: m1 – m2 0 versus H1: m1 - m2 ? 0 Test Statistic: Reject if z za/2 or z - za/2 t ?x1 - ?x2 / with df 5-* Spreadsheet Tools: Two Sample t-Tests, Population Variance Known Excel – z-test: Two Sample for Means PHStat – Z Test for Differences in Two Means 5-* Spreadsheet Tools: Two Sample t-Tests, Population Variance Unknown Population variances assumed unequal Excel – t-test: Two Sample Assuming Unequal Variances Popula