10LessonTen(ok).docVIP

Lesson Ten The Function of Ship Structural Components The strength deck, bottom, and side shell of a ship act as a box girder in resisting bending and other loads imposed on the structure. The main deck, bottom, and side shell also form a tight envelope to withstand the sea locally. The remaining structure contributes either directly to these functions or indirectly by maintaining the main members in position so that they can act efficiently. The bottom plating is a principal longitudinal member providing the lower flange of hull girder. It is also part of the watertight envelope, and subject to the local water head. At the forward end, it must withstand the dynamic pressure associated with slamming and plating thickness is usually increased to provide the necessary strength. When fitted, the inner bottom also makes a significant contribution to the strength of lower flange. It usually forms a tank boundary for the double bottom tanks and is subject to the local pressure of the liquid contained therein. In addition, it must support the loads from above, usually from cargo placed in the holds. The strength deck forms the principal member of the upper flange, usually provides the upper water tight boundary, and is subject locally to water, cargo, and equipment loadings. The remaining continuous decks, depending on their distance from the neutral axis, contribute to a greater or lesser extent in resisting the longitudinal bending loads. Certain decks which are not continuous fore and aft and not contribute to the longitudinal strength. Locally internal decks are subject to the loads of cargo, equipment, stores, living spaces, and, where they form a tank boundary or barrier against progressive flooding, liquid pressure. The side shell provides the webs for the main hull girder and is an important part of the watertight envelope. It is subject to static water pressure as well as the dynamic effects of pitching, rolling, and wave action. Particularly forward, the pl