Against neclear weapons.pptVIP

* * Introduction of Nuclear Weapons A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives(产生) its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission（裂变） or a combination of fission and fusion（核聚变）. Both reactions release vast quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter. The first fission (atomic) bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of TNT（a kind of explosive）. The first thermonuclear (高热原子核反应的) bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 10,000,000 tons of TNT. A modern thermonuclear weapon weighing little more than 2,400?pounds (1,100?kg) can produce an explosive force comparable to the detonation（爆炸声） of more than 1.2 million tons of TNT. Thus, even a small nuclear device no larger than traditional bombs can devastate（彻底摧毁） an entire city by blast（气浪）, fire and radiation. Nuclear weapons are considered weapons of mass destruction, and their use and control has been a major focus of international relations policy since their debut（初次亮相）. We are against nuclear weapons!!! Cause great bad effects (blast, thermal, radiation, long-term) Historical cases Laws and treaties about anti-nuclear Current situations Lawrence M.Krauss : “No issue carries more importance to the long-term health and security of humanity than the effort to reduce, and perhaps one day, rid the world of nuclear weapons.” Historical cases Hiroshima（广岛） Nagasaki （长崎） Chernobyl disaster Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki During the final stages of World War II in 1945, the United States conducted two atomic bombings against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, the first on August 6, 1945 and the second on August 9, 1945. Within the first two to four months of the bombings, the acute effects killed 90,000–166,000 people in Hiroshima and 60,000–80,000 in Nagasaki, with roughly half of the deaths in each city occurring on the first day. The Hiroshima prefectural（地方官的） health department estim