辽河源不同林龄油松林水源涵养能力研究.docxVIP

辽河源不同林龄油松林水源涵养能力研究郭梦娇，朱江，程小琴，韩海荣，康峰峰，董玲玲，赵金龙，宋小帅（北京林业大学林学院，100083，北京）摘要：为定量评价不同林龄油松林的水源涵养能力，采用水量平衡法和综合蓄水量法，对辽河源地区3种不同林龄油松林的降雨再分配、凋落物持水能力、土壤蓄水能力以及林分水源涵养能力进行了研究。结果表明：（1）观测期间，共观测到112次降雨，累计降雨量902.2 mm，平均降雨量8.1 mm；小雨、中雨、大雨和暴雨分别占总降雨量的25.2%、35.5%、26.4%和12.9%；（2）不同林龄油松林的林冠截留、林内降雨和树干茎流占总降雨量的比例分别为24.1%、72.9%和3%；林内降雨与林外降雨呈显著正线性关系；随着林龄的增加，林冠截留能力增加，而树干茎流先增加后减少；（3）凋落物的最大持水量、最大吸湿比和有效拦蓄量均随着林龄的增加而增加；（4）随着林龄的增加，土壤容重减小，总孔隙度增加，土壤入渗速率提高，蓄水能力增加；（5）不同林龄油松林水源涵养能力表现为成熟林＞近熟林＞中龄林。在不同林龄的油松林中，随着演替的进行，林分对降雨的分配与截流能力、水源涵养能力逐步增强。关键词：辽河源；油松；林龄；降雨分配；水源涵养中图分类号：S715.2;S714.7;S791.254 文献标志码： 文章编号：Water Conservation Capacity of Pinus tabulaeformis Forests with Different Ages at Liaohe RiverGUO Mengjiao, ZHU Jiang, CHENG Xiaoqin, HAN Hairong, KANG Fengfeng, DONG Lingling, ZHAO Jinlong, SONG Xiaoshuai (College of forestry, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China)Abstract：To evaluate the water conservation capacity of Pinus tabulaeformis forest with different ages quantitatively, water balance method and comprehensive water storage method were used to investigate the rainfall redistribution, litter water-holding capacity, soil water storage capacity of three Pinus tabulaeformis stands with different ages in Liaohe source region. The results showed that: (1) During the observation, a total of 112 times rainfall were observed, cumulative rainfall was 902.2 mm, the average rainfall was 8.1mm; the light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain and torrential rain accounted for 25.2% 35.5%, 26.4% and 12.9% of the total rainfall, respectively. (2) The percentage of crown canopy interception, forest precipitation and sap flow of Pinus tabulaeformis forests in total rainfall were 24.1%, 72.9% and 3%; there was a significant positive linear relationship between forest precipitation inside and outside; with the increase of forest age, the capacity of crown canopy interception increased, and the sap flow increased first and then decreased; (3) The maximum moisture capacity of litter, the maximum of moisture absor