初中英语被动语态详解例题答案.docVIP

Many people speak English. 主动English is spoken by many people. 被 二. 被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 注: 助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。其变化规则与 be作为连系动词时完全一样。 1.一般现在时中,be是am,is ,are的形式。 例句: I am taught to study English. We are taught to study English. 2.一般过去时中，be是was,were的形式。 例句: I /she was taught to study English. We were taught to study English 3.一般将来时中，be是will be 的形式。 例句: I /She/We will be taught to study English 4.现在完成时中被动语态的构成:have / has been +done ?例句: The work has been finished. ? Why haven’t they been invented. ?5.现在进行时态中被动语态的构成:be being +done 例句: New bridge is being built near our school. 6.含有情态动词的被动语态的构成: can/ may /must/should + be + done+（by s b） 例句：The dictionary must be taken good care of。 Can the work be done in two days。 三. 被动语态的用法： 不知道动作的发出者,或不必要说明动作的发出者。 例句：Silk is produced in Suzhou and Hangzhou。 2.对动作的承受者进行强调时,要用被动语态。 例句：Bicycles are widely used in China. 四. 主动语态转化为被动语态的三部曲: 主动结构宾语变为被动结构主语。 谓语动词变为被动语态。 3.主动结构主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动词执行者无须说明或强调时，by短语可以省略。 Look and find out the similarities 相同点 : Football is played all over the world A camera is used for taking photos. A bank was robbed yesterday. A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year. The tree must be planted on the ground. The ground will be covered with trees in a few years’ time. The ground will be covered with trees in a few years’ time. They will be sent to the hospital right now. A talk will be given soon. The earth is being dug now. The food has been eaten up already. 4. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。 双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to for. His mother gave him a present for his birthday He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. A present was given to him by his mother for his birthday. 在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等变为被动结构时，要加to . Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 五. 不用被动语态的情况： 1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen, occur ,take place The story was happened in