高三一轮定语从句.docVIP

高三语法复习-----编写人：审核人： 审批人：定义：在句中起定语的作用、修饰句子中的名词或代词的从句。因其功能类似形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。一、分类：限制性与非限制性： 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，而非限制性定语从句只是附加说明，如果去掉主句意思仍然清楚.非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开 I have been married to the man whom you met at my home last night. 限制性定语从句 I have been married to a man, whom you met at my home last night. 非限制性定语从句 二．考点清单：1. 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中做主语或宾语， 作宾语时可省略. 1）that指人或物：Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? The finger（that）I put into my mouth was not the one（that）I had dipped into the cup. 2）which指物：A chest’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. （做主语） The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful. （宾语） 3 who, whom, whose，分别做主语、宾语和定语： The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster. Who’s the man（whom）you just talked to? This is the room whose window faces south. 4）介词后指人用whom,指物用which.介词可提前，也在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略：This is the room in which we lived last year. This is the room（which / that）we lived in last year. Who’s the comrade with whom you just shook hands? Who’s the comrade （who / whom / that）you just shook hands with? 但固定搭配介词不能提前： Is this the book which she was looking for? The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy. 2. 关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语. 1）when指时间： I still remember the day when（on which）I first came to Beijing. 比较：I still remember the day that I spent in Beijing. 2）where指地点： This is the house where（in which）I lived two years ago. 比较：This is the house that I bought two years ago. 3）why指原因：在“reason”后： The reason why he was late is that the car broke down on the way. 比较：The reason that he gave us is not reasonable. 3．限制性定语从句用that不用which的情况1）先行词为all, few, much, little, nothing, everything, anything等： All that must be done has been done. There is little that I can do for you. 2 当先行词被最高级,序数词以及the very, the few, the only修饰时: That’s the only thing that we can do now. This is the best novel that I have ever read. 3 先行词被all, little, much, some, no, every, a