四级阅读仔细理解汇编.ppt

一、基本要求和题型分析 本题型要求考生在阅读完一篇300-350个单词的文章后解答5个单项选择题。大学英语四级考试阅读理解部分要求考生“能基本读懂一般性题材的英文文章，阅读速度达到每分钟70词”。在近年的四级考试中，（仔细阅读理解）单项选择的试题类型基本上可以分为以下五大类：主旨题、细节题、推理题、语义题和观点态度题。五类题型所占比重分别为：细节题占60%左右, 主旨题和推理题各占15%左右，语义题和观点态度题各占5%左右。按照体裁分为三类：说明文、议论文、记叙文。 二、命题规律 1. 段首、段尾句常考。 2. 语义转折处，尤其是段首和段尾的语义转折处常是考点。 3. 文章中复合句（尤其是表示条件或让步的主从复合句）、特殊句型（如强调句、倒装句）常考。 4. 列举处常考。列举处指的是 first, ...，second, ...，third, ...等并列关系词出现的部分。 5. 举例和比喻出现处常考。这类标志词很多，常见的有 as, such as, for example, for instance, a case in point 等。 6. 指示 代词出现处常考。这类题常用来考查考生是否真正理解上下文句子之间的关系和意义。 7. 引用人物论断处常考。专有名词、时间处常考。 8. 特殊标点符号后的内容常考。特殊标点符号包括：破折号 表解释 、括号 表解释 、冒号 表解释 和引号 表引用 。 三、不同题型的常用解题思路与技巧 （一）主旨题 主旨题主要测试考生对整篇文章的理解能力。这类问题可分为找中心思想 main idea ，选择标题 title ，推断作者的写作意图 purpose 。 解题技巧： 1 仔细研读文章的主题句。主题句大多数情况下出现在文章的开头或结尾。 2 仔细研读频率高的单词，这些词可能就是蕴含中心思想的关键词。 主旨题干扰项特点： 1 只是局部信息，概括范围太窄。 2 概括范围太宽。 3 无关信息。 Question: Which of the following is the major point of the passage? [A] Why it is necessary to identify people’s personality [B] Why it is possible to describe people [C] How to get to know people [D] How best to recognize people 【真题举例】 （2001年6月  Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’ s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about someone wh