句子成分课件和练习12.ppt

１．主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分．一般由1名词，2代词，3不定式，4动名词5从句充当．它的位置一般在句首． 谓语： 谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由1简单动词2或者动词短语构成． 表语： 表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由1名词，2形容词，3副词，4介词短语，5不定式，6动名词，7短语，8或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面． 宾语 宾语是动作，行为的对象，由1名词，2代词，3短语，4不定式，5动名词，6从句充当．它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后． 宾语补足语 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用． 它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当． 定语 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语． 状语 状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．一般由1副词，2介词短语，3不定式4或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由5从句来充当． 句子成分练习题 一 一 . 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟） ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. 二 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟） ① I dont like the picture on the wall. A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didnt do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didnt C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B.did C. whom D. book 三 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） ① My brother hasnt done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class. ⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. ⑨ You will