语言学概论Chap8(Part1).pptVIP

Chapter 8 Language in Use Part 1 I. Review of the major points in Chapter 7 1. Relation between language and culture; 2. Relation between language use and society; 3. Major problems in intercultural communication. ?II. Warm-up questions 1. Can we do things with words? 2. Which meaning is more important when someone utters the following words to you as you are driving out? The traffic is especially heavy at this moment. Meaning 1: to state the fact that the traffic is especially heavy at this moment. direct speech act Meaning 2: to warn you not to drive out at this moment and go out later when the traffic gets better. indirect speech act 3. Can you tell the direct and indirect speech acts respectively in the following utterances? 1 You are late today. 2 Can you answer the question? 3 I dare you to say that again! 4. What does B mean in the following dialogue: A: How old are you? B: I’m very old. III. Major points to study Speech act theory detailed discussion IV. Discussion of the major points Speech act theory: 1 Concept: A theory of pragmatics that was advanced by J. L. Austin and developed by J. R. Searle and other scholars. It is aimed at the study of language use, more exactly, how language is used to do things or cause action. 2 Speech acts involving the process of an utterance: 1 The locutionary act 发话行为: The act of pronouncing the utterance. e.g. I promise to take you to see my mother soon. Pronounced 2 The illocutionary act 施事行为: The act that indicates the purpose or intension of the speaker. e.g. By uttering the sentence “I promise to take you to see my mother soon”, the speaker intends it to be a promise to the hearer. 3 The perlocutionary act 言后行为: The act or result/consequence including psychological responses that is caused by the utterance on the part of the speaker or the hearer . e.g. After the speaker utters the sentence “I promise to take you to see my mother soon”, the hearer will feel happy and the s