直接引语变间接引语的转换.docVIP

直接引语变间接引语的转换： （一）如何变人称： 一随主二随宾，第三人称不更新。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如： She said. “My brother wants to go with me. ”→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称。如： He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?”→ He asked Kate how her sister was then. “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。如： Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”→ Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. 如果引述动词为现在时态，间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。 He says, “I have been writing a novel.”??? He says that he has been writing a novel.?? He says:thats all right.----- He says thats all right. ?② 如果引述动词为过去时态，间接引语中的时间就要往后推，即现在时间推至过去时间，过去时间推至过去的过去，将来时间推至过去将来时间。具体变化见下表：直接引语时态 间接引语时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 CCould/might ?She said:I am a student.------- ?She said (that) she was a student.(一般现在时变成一般过去时) She said：He will go to see his friend-----She said he would go to see his friend.( 一般将来时变成过去将来时) Tom said:I am going to play basketball tomorrow. The teacher said, “You are doing OK.”?????? 老师说：“你们干得很不错。” The teacher said we were doing OK.????? 老师说我们干得很不错。（现在进行时变为过去进行时）She said, “I am reading a book. I asked her, “Where have you spent your holiday?”? 我问她：“你去哪里度假了？”I asked her where she had spent her holiday.????? 我问她去哪里度假了。（现在完成时变为过去完成时） She said, “I went to Shanghai.” ???她说：“我去过上海。” She said that she had gone to Shanghai.? 她说她去过上海。（过去时变为过去完成时） He said, “I had finished my work before 10 o’clock.” 他说：“我在十点钟前就完成工作了。” He said that he had finished his work before 10 o’clock.. 他说他在十点钟前就完成工作了。（过去完成时不变） ?The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.------ The teacher said the earth moves around the sun. 2. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 Jack said:I was doing chores when Tom came in.----Jack said he was doing chores when To