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This paper introduces a survey aimed at identifying the underlying factors that constraint the development of professional project management in Chinas construction industry. Professional construction project management, which is known as construction supervision (CS) in China, was introduced into Chinas construction industry in 1988. After more than 10 years of rapid growth, the further development of CS is challenged by a number of arising problems. Based on the findings of the survey, this paper highlights the most significant factors causing these problems. These factors are related not only to CS companies, but also to clients, other construction professionals, and the environment of the construction market. It is anticipated that the discussion of these factors will provide a basis for future strategies to promote the development of CS in China and also provide a useful reference for other developing countries which face similar problems in promoting the applications of professional construction project management in the construction industry. Article Outline 1. Introduction 2. Research methodology 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Profiles of the surveyed companies 3.2. Factors constraining CS development 3.2.1. Lack of qualified and experienced CS practitioners (A3) 3.2.2. Clients misunderstanding of the roles and responsibilities of CS companies (B3) 3.2.3. Limited knowledge and skills of CS practitioners (A4) 3.2.4. Distorted competition in the CS market (A8) 3.2.5. The time of appointing CS companies (B4) 3.2.6. Other significant factors 3.2.7. The relationship among four categories of factors 4. Suggestions 4.1. Efforts from CS practitioners 4.2. Cooperating with foreign project management companies 4.3. Educating clients 4.4. Clarifying the role of CS by clients 5. Conclusions Acknowledgements References Understanding bi-project management: engineering complex industrial construction projects??Original Research ArticleInternational Journal of Proj