重庆大学20153-30 2015年 英语系附件C文献综述—模板(英文).docVIP

附件C： Literature review 1. Introduction Just as Hofstede 2001 said “culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy; cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster” p. 23 . For those who work in international business, it is sometimes amazing how different people in other cultures behave. We tend to have a human instinct that deep inside of all people are the same, but they are not in effect. Therefore, understanding cultural differences is often considered a prerequisite for successful international business. 这部分就是引言，大概介绍一下你的研究背景。无需太长 2. Review of cross-cultural theories 2.1 Hofstede’s five dimensions of culture Just as Hofstede 2001 said “culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy; cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster” p.23 . For those who work in international business, it is sometimes amazing how different people in other cultures behave. We tend to have a human instinct that deep inside of all people are the same, but they are not in effect. Therefore, understanding cultural differences is often considered a prerequisite for successful international business. 中间的几部分类似正文 body 部分，主要包括国内外研究现状 Review of History and Status Quo of… ，即前人的研究总结；同时要指出他们研究的问题 Problems of… 所在，他们的问题所在就是你论文的切入点，或者你的补充（贡献） （这部分也可以写前人研究中的Contradictions and Disputes of…；你可以在回顾前人的矛盾争议后，提出自己的解决之道（Solutions and Methodologies）；你也可以支持矛盾争议的一方，反驳另一方。） According to Hofstede 2001 , “each culture must deal with questions that can be resolved according to a series of dimensions, which results in a unique gestalt for each society, depending on the intensity of its tendency towards one or another end of each culture dimension spectrum” p.34 . The Five Dimensions are Individualism Uncertainty avoidance index Power distance index Masculinity Long-term orientation Individualism focuses on the degree the society reinforces individual or collective achievement and interpersonal relationships. Uncertainty Avoidance focuses on