教育教学中级无机化学翻译.doc

第一章 1.4指出下列物质在液氨中的酸碱行为（写出反应方程式）： CH3CO2H , NH2CONH2 , CH3CH2OH , NaH 1.4 Pointed out that the following substances in acid-base behavior in liquid ammonia write reaction equation : CH3CO2H , NH2CONH2 , CH3CH2OH , NaH 参考答案：CH3CO2H为强酸 CH3COOH+NH3→CH3COO--+NH4+ NH2CONH2为弱酸 NH2CONH2+NH3≈NH4+ +NH2CONH- CH3CH2OH为弱酸 CH3CH2OH+NH3≈NH4++CH3CH2O- NaH为强碱 NaH+NH3→NH2-+H2↑ 1.4 指出下列物质在液氨中的酸碱行为（写出反应方程式）： 1.4 Points out the following material in the soda acid liquid ammonia behavior write a response equation CH3COOH,H2NCONH2,CH3CH2OH,NaH 解：CH3COOH strong acid CH3COOH+NH3 CH3COOˉ+NH4＋ H2NCONH2 weak acid H2NCONH2+NH3 NH4＋+NH2CONHˉ CH3CH2OH weak acid CH3CH2OH+NH3 NH4＋+CH3CH2Oˉ NaH strong soda Hˉ+NH3 NH2ˉ+H2 1.5指出下列物质在100%H2SO4中的酸碱行为（写出反应方程式）： HNO3 , CH3CO2H , HClO4 , C2H5OH , H2NCONH2 , SO3 1.5 Pointed out that the following substances in acid-base behavior in 100%H2SO4 write reaction equation : HNO3 , CH3CO2H , HClO4 , C2H5OH , H2NCONH2 , SO3 参考答案：HNO3为碱 HNO3 + 2H2SO4→2HSO4-+NO2++ H3O+ CH3CO2H为碱 CH3COOH + H2SO4→HSO4-+ CH3COOH2+ HClO4为酸 HClO4+ H2SO4≈H3SO4++ CH3COOH2+ C2H5OH为碱 C2H5OH+ 2H2SO4→CH3CH2HSO4+ HSO4-+ H3O+ H2NCONH2为碱 H2NCONH2+ H2SO4→HSO4-+ H2NCONH3+ SO3为碱 SO3+ H2SO4≈H2S2O7 H2SO4 +H2S2O7≈ H3SO4++ HS2O7- 1.8 Please write down the chemical equation of the following reactions. 1 Potassium amide and aniline have reactions in liquid ammonia. 2 Inject hydrochloric acid into concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid solution to get NO2Cl. 3 Boric acid is dissolved in sulfuric acid. 1.9 In liquid ammonia,what is the concentration of ammonium ion? 1.9 in the liquid ammonia, what is the concentration of ammonium ion ? Answer: 2NH3 NH4 ++ NH2- K 1.0*10-33 [NH4 +] K1/2 3.16*10-7 MOl/L 1.12 estimate rough the value of PKa about each of the Following acids? Answer: 1.phosphite pka1 2 pka2 7 nitric acid pka1 -3 Percholoric acid pka 8 Periodate pka1 2 pka2 7 1.12 粗略估计下述各酸的pKa值 1.12 A rough estimate the following the sour pKa value 解： 1