Pre-questions.pptVIP

e.g. the semantic features of “man” is [+human+adult+male], which is, in fact, only an investigation of “man” from a biological point of view, which does not include its other sense characteristics as in the sentence “Be a man!”. The same thing happens to “Anyway, she is a woman.”. In the former sentence, “man” implies bravery, manliness, etc. In the latter, “woman” implies frail, prone to tears, emotional, etc. (2) It fails to explain the figurative use of words. For example, in making CA of the sentence “She has a stone heart.” , the word stone having semantic features of [+common+countable+concrete], it cannot explain the metaphorical use of “stone”. Ⅲ. Semantic Relations · Case Grammar · Syntactic Relations To use Case Grammar to study the semantic relations of some compounds, we can find the compounds are made up of different cases, or involving different syntactic relations though they have the same “head”. See to the following examples: garbageman→ Objective + Agentive airman → Locative + Agentive snowman → Instrumental + Factitive cameraman → Instrumental/Factitive + Agentive 儿童医院→ Dative/Experiencer + Locative 战地医院→ Locative + Locative 肿瘤医院→ Factitive + Locative Syntactic Relations in Compounds (1) Modifier-Head: red tape(官样文章), science fiction(科幻小说), chewing gum(口香糖), etc. (2) Subject-Predicate: crybaby(The baby cries), rattlesnake(响尾蛇), sunrise(日出), heartbeat(心博),etc. (3) Predicate-Object: haircut(to cut the hair), backrest(靠背), pickpocket(扒手), scarecrow(稻草人), etc. (4) Subject-Object: sugar cane(甘蔗← The cane yields sugar.), steam engine(蒸汽机← Steam powers the engine.), gaslight(煤气灯← The gas produces light.), etc. (5) Coordination: deaf-mute(聋哑人←deaf and mute), transmitter-receiver(送受话器), adder-subtractor(加减器),etc. (6) Appositive: girl friend(The friend is a girl), killer whale(逆戟鲸← The whale is a killer.) Thank you Pre-questions * What are meant by semantic features? * How to identify semantic features? * What are the uni