2016高考英法填空微技能专项学案.doc

高考英语语法填空微技能专项学习 2015-11-18 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查学生对语法和词汇的运用能力，语法填空分两种形式：纯空格填空题和提示性填空题。这里先讲第一种情况：纯空格填空题。 做此类题时，首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词，然后根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词，具体分析方法有： 一、限定词 若名词前是空格，且没有限定词，很可能是填冠词、形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。 例1： 【2015课标II】?The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ______ most modern of architects and engineers. 例2： 【2015广东】He owned ______ farm, which looked almost abandoned. 例3： 【2010广东】?After the student left, the teacher let ______ student taste the water. 二、代词 如果句子中缺少主语或宾语，一定是填写代词。代词可以代替人和事物的名称。如果上文出现过某人或某事物，下文中再次提起时，可以不重复，用代词代替人和事物的名称。 例1： 【2014广东】?Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said ______ was a wonderful holiday destination. 例2： 【2010广东】He asked his teacher,?“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ______?” 三、介词 如果名词或代词前是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语、或动词的宾语，很可能是填介词。 例1： 【2015课标I】?For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away ______ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. 例2： 【2015课标II】?When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; ______ the same time, they warm up again for the night. 四、并列连词 若两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词，并且是并列的关系，可能填写并列连词。 例1： 【2014课标II】?There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ______ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed. 例2： 【2014课标I】?But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ______ even a few months. 五、状语从句的连词 如果两个句子出现（一套主谓关系算一个句子），其中一个句子前有空格，就要考虑两个句子之间的关系。如果两个句子之间没有分号，也没有句号，很可能前面带空格的句子就是一个从句。根据句意判断其是什么样的从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。 例1： 【2012广东】?______he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. 例2： 【2011广东】?My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me ______ the bus arrived. 六、名词性从句的连词 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，名词性从句无论作什么成分，其前必须有连接词，连接词that有时候可以省略。 例1： 【2015课标II】As natural architects, the Pueblo Indian