数据、模型与决(运筹学)课后习题和案例答案019.docVIP

Chapter 19inventory management with uncertain demand Review Questions 19.1-1 Freddie should consider the trade-off between too much inventory and too little inventory. 19.1-2 Based on Freddie’s data, 9, 10, and 11 are the only numbers of copies that he has sold in the past. 19.1-3 The state of nature for each day is the number of requests to purchase a copy that will occur. The number of requests is the state of nature because it is the random variable. 19.2-1 Only a single time period is needed because perishable products cannot be sold later. 19.2-2 The only decision to be made is how many units to order so they can be placed into inventory at the beginning of the period. 19.2-3 It is assumed that the demand during the period is uncertain but that the probability distribution of demand is known. 19.2-4 The unit cost of underordering is the decrease in profit that results from failing to order a unit that could have been sold during the period. The unit cost of overordering is the decrease in profit that results from ordering a unit that could not be sold during the period. 19.2-5 Bayes’ decision rule will make the same decision since both approaches are applying Bayes’ decision rule, but with different payoffs, where one is to be maximized and the other minimized. 19.2-6 The service level is the probability that no shortage will occur. 19.2-7 Optimal service level = Cunder / (Cunder + Cover). 19.2-8 The point at which the optimal service level hits the cumulative distribution function gives the optimal order quantity. 19.2-9 Yes. 19.3-1 There have been four stockouts of panoramic disposable cameras during the year with durations ranging from a few days to a couple weeks. 19.3-2 Recent complaints from distributors about delays in shipping the disposable panoramic camera have concerned the Vice President for Marketing and she is suggesting having more frequent production runs to keep the inventory better stocked. 19.3-3 The Division Vice President for Production