生物技术专业翻练习题.doc

Histone modification plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression. Acetylation by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) is normally correlated with increased gene activity, whereas deacetylation via histone deacetylases (HDACs) is often associated with gene repression. 1.组蛋白修饰在基因表达调控中起着关键作用。被组蛋白乙酰转移酶类（HATs）乙酰化的组蛋白通常与基因活性的增加有关，而通过组蛋白脱乙酰基酶类（HDACs）去乙酰化的组蛋白常常和基因阻遏有关。 2. The spatial expression pattern of rice HDACs genes indicated that some HDAC genes have different expression profiles. Furthermore, our analysis indicated that expression of HDA705, HDT701, and HDT702 could be affected by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid or abscisic acid. These results indicate that different HDAC genes have distinct expression patterns and members of rice HDAC families may be involved in plant response to environmental stresses. 2.水稻HDACs基因的时空表达模式表明某些HDAC基因具有不同的表达谱。此外，我们的分析表明HDA705，HDT701，和HDT702的表达可以被水杨酸，茉莉酸或者脱落酸所影响。这些结果表明不同的HDAC基因具有独特的表达模式而且水稻HDAC家族成员可能参与了植物的环境胁迫反应。 3. Calcium plays a crucial role as a second messenger in mediating various defense responses under environmental stresses. In vivo targeting experiment revealed that Calcineurin B-like 8（OsCBL8）localized to the plasma membrane, which was consistent with OsCBL4 and SOS3 previously reported. The OsCBL8-overexpressing transgenic rice seedlings which were generated by the Agrobacterium-mediated approach were showed more tolerance to salt stress than non-transgenic seedlings. 3.钙作为第二信使在介导多种环境胁迫下的防御反应起着重要作用。在体内定位实验揭示了 钙调磷酸酶B8（OsCBL8）定位在原生质膜上，和之前报道的OsCBL4和SOS3一致。通过农杆菌介导法产生的OsCBL8-超表达转基因水稻幼苗显示出相比非转基因幼苗对盐胁迫具有更多的耐受性。 This analysis has revealed that the expression of Arabidopsis and maize COB gene family members is highly developmentally and spatially regulated at the tissue and cell type-specific level, that gene superfamily members show overlapping and unique expression patterns, and that only a subset of gene superfamily members act in response to environmental stimuli. 这个分析揭示了拟南芥和玉米COB基因家族成员在组织和细胞特异性水平上的表达受到高度发育特异性和时空特异性的