高中虚拟语气导学案详细分析.docVIP

虚拟语气 By Carriecai 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 ① 与现在事实相反 条件从句 主句 一般过去时，be多用were Would /should/could/might+动词原形 ②与过去事实相反 条件从句 主句 过去完成时(had done/been) Would /should/could/might+have done ③与将来事实相反 条件从句 主句 ⑴if +主语+动词过去时 主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形 ⑵ if +主语+were to +动词原形 同上 ⑶ if +主语+should+动词原形 同上 例句：If I were you, I would go at once . If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping . If you had worked, you would have passed the exam. 介词短语代替条件句 常用介词有with, without, but for等 例句：We couldn’t have succeeded without your help . (if we hadn’t got your help) But for the rain , we would have finished the work .(If it hadn’t been for the rain) 用一个副词或者连词表示虚拟条件句 例句：He telephoned to inform me of your birthday , or I would have known nothing about it .( if he hadn’t telephoned to inform…) 注意倒装结构 如果虚拟条件句中含有were ,should ,had, 可以把if省略，而把这些词提到句首. Were I you , I wouldn’t do that . Had you come earlier , you would have seen him . 用动词的过去时表示与现在或者将来事实相反，用动词的过去完成时表示与过去事实相反. 在wish引导的宾语从句中 I wish I were as clever as you . I wish I had finished my homework yesterday . 在wish后面所接的从句用would / could +动词原形表示与将来事实相反. I wish I could fly to the moon one day . 在as if / though 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中 He looks as if he were an artist . He talks as if he had really been to the heaven . 但如果是真实条件句，则不用虚拟语气. It looks as if it is going to rain. If only 引导的感叹句中 If only I were a bird . If only I had bought the house . 在would rather 后面所接的从句中 I would rather you paid the money yourself . I’d rather she hadn’t done that . It’s (high) time that …后的主语从句中常用过去时或should +动词原形 It’s high time (that) we started out .正是我们出发的时候. 用should +动词原形构成的虚拟语气，其中should 可省略. Suggest ,advise ,demand ,require ,request ,desire, order, command, insist 等动词后的宾语从句 The teacher suggested that we (should) not lose heart . 但suggest作“暗示，表明”讲，insist作“坚持说”讲，即坚持事实是怎样的，后面不用虚拟语气. The look on his face suggested that he was angry . Mary insisted that he had never stolen anything. 以上动词相应的名词所接的相关的从句. My suggestion is that you （should） try anoth