不同人群食品的营养要求浅析.ppt

不同人群食品的营养要求 Decisions: Making Choices We Can Live With The fact is that Americans have choices—lots of choices. A healthy lifestyle is not defined solely by the food on—or not on—one’s plate. Meals with friends and family, enjoying traditional foods, sampling the cuisines of other cultures, and incorporating physical activity into a regular routine are all part of a healthful way of life. Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adequate Nutrients Within Calorie Needs Weight Management Physical Activity Food Groups to Encourage Fats Carbohydrates Sodium and Potassium Alcoholic Beverages Food Safety Nutrition Labeling and The Food Guide Pyramid: Reflecting the Dietary Guidelines It’s All About You: Relating the Dietary Guidelines to American Life Be Realistic: Make small changes over time in what you eat and the level of activity you do. After all, small steps work better than giant leaps. Be Adventurous: Expand your tastes to enjoy a variety of foods. Be Flexible: Go ahead and balance what you eat and the physical activity you do over several days. No need to worry about just one meal or one day. Be Sensible: Enjoy all foods, just don’t overdo it. Be Active: Walk the dog, don’t just watch the dog walk. “Feel better today. Stay healthy for tomorrow.” Make smart choices from every food group. Find your balance between food and physical activity. Get the most nutrition out of your calories. Adult Nutritional Facts: Adults Metabolism slows down; generally total food intake needs to be reduced. Exercise is an important component to balancing food intake and output. Sedentary lifestyle creates a greater need for daily exercise. 各种标识 孕妇的营养和膳食 1. 孕妇营养对母婴健康的影响 2. 孕妇的营养生理特点 3. 孕妇营养需要 4. 孕妇的合理膳食 孕妇营养对母婴健康的影响 1. 孕妇营养与自身健康：孕妇摄取的热能和各种营养素不但要维持自身需要且供给胎儿生长发育； 婴儿体格 2. 孕妇营养与胎儿健康 胎儿、新生儿死亡率 婴儿智力 孕妇的营养生理特点 孕妇营养需要 热能增加：1.体重增加；2.基础代谢 率高；3.胎儿生长；4.母体胎盘及 组织增加；5.贮备蛋白质、脂肪； 孕妇的合理膳食 妊娠早期：少食多餐，饮食少油腻，易消化，多提供碳水化合物高的谷类食物，多吃含锌的食物，多吃水果蔬菜调节口味，促进消化；少量吃些乳、蛋、肉、禽； 妊娠中期、后期：对热能和营养素的需