英汉语派生构词法资料.pptVIP

Negative prefixes（否定前缀）: a-, dis- in- (il-, ir-, im-), non-, un- E.g. amoral, disloyal, disobey, injustice, illegal, irresistible, immature ，non-smoker, unfair, unwilling Reversative prefixes（相反前缀）: de-, dis-, un- E.g. decentralize,, disunite, disallow, unwrap Pejorative prefixes（贬抑前缀）: mal-, mis-, pseudo- E.g. maltreat,, misconduct, mistrust, pseudo-friend, pseudo-science Prefixes of degree or size（程度或大小前缀）: arch-, extra-, hyper-, macro-, micro-, mini-, out-, over-, sub-, super-, sur-, ultra- under- E.g. archbishop ，extra-strong, hyperactive，macrocosm，microcomputer，mini-election, outlive, overweight, subheading, superfreeze, surtax, ultra-conservative, underdeveloped Prefixes of orientation and attitude（态度前缀）: anti-, contra-, counter-, pro- E.g. anti-nuclear, anti-government, contraflow, pro-democracy 6. Locative prefixes（方位前缀）: extra-, fore-, inter-, intra-, trans- E.g. extraordinary, extramarital, forehead, inter-city, interpersonal, intra-party, telecommunication, trans-world, transcontinental Prefixes of time and order（时间和顺序前缀）: ex-, fore-, post-, pre-, re- E.g. ex-academic, foretell, forefather, postdoctor, pre-prepared, reconsider Number prefixes（数字前缀）: bi-, multi- (poly-), semi- (hemi-), tri-, uni- (mono-) E. g. bilingual，multi-purpose，polysyllable，semi-naked，hemisphere，tricycle，uniform，monorail Miscellaneous prefixes（混杂前缀）: auto-, neo-, pan-, vice-, E. g. autobiography，neo-Nazi，pan-European，vice-chairman Suffixation Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to stems. Unlike prefixes which primarily change the meaning of the stem, suffixes have only a small semantic role, their primary function being to change the grammatical function of stems. In other words, they mainly change the word class. Therefore, we shall group suffixes on a grammatical basis into noun suffixes, verb suffixes, adjective suffixes, adverb suffixes , etc.