一种柴油机尾气颗粒净化器的研究.docVIP

一种汽车尾气净化器的研究 田甜 郭育新 吴松创 崔敏 范文成 徐航 华南理工大学广东 广州 510柴油机尾气检测系统TH117 文献标识码:The study of The motor vehicle Exhaust Particulate Purifier Tian Tian Guo Yuxin Wu Songchuang Cui Min Fan Wencheng Xu Hang Guangzhou College of South China University of Technology, GuangZhou Guangdong 510800 China Abstract：The research of energy conservation and emission reduction of diesel engines is of practical significance. designs a diesel particulate filter in order to reduce the diesel particulate emissions what pollutes the air. The theoretical basis is based on analyzing the purification of the exhaust particles through using the gas-solid flow theory. By means of particle force analysis, this research is conducted from establishing particle momentum equation and doing comparison test. After selecting suitable impeller and electrical machine, the diesel particulate filter was produced. What’s more, a diesel exhaust gas detection system was set up in order to test the diesel particulate filter. As it is proved in the test results, the diesel engine exhaust particulate purifier has a positive effect in reducing the diesel particulate emission especially in the short time test. The smoke intensity emission is reduced, 1.65 FSN(Filter Smoke Number) at most, in addition, there is a good purification effect. It is better to operate the diesel particulate filter in low speed in order to acquire good results. Key words: Diesel Engine; Exhaust particles; Centrifugal force; Separation; Purifier 一、引言 汽车发动机分为汽油机和柴油机。汽油发动机在“轿车进入家庭”的带动下，其发展速度明显超过了柴油发动机。表明在目前中国汽车市场，尤其是轿车市场人们普遍接受的是汽油发动机。[2, 3]。 国内外对发动机的排气处理技术主要体现在三方面：一是机前处理；二是机内净化；三是后处理的研发[4]。目前大部分的后处理技术主要是针对减少NOx、固体碳颗粒（PM）来实现净化尾气的目的。 随着排放法规的日益严格，对燃油品质的调节与控制以及对机体结构、部件的改造完善都很有限，难以满足日趋严格的排放要求，且发动机机内净化技术实现起来已经愈有难度且成本较高，排气后处理技术就成为了减少尾气污染的重要手段[9]。 二、发动机尾气净化原理 净化器的设计原理是在汽车排气管道中设置高速旋转机构，产生足够离心力，使排气中的颗粒粉尘等污染物在自身重力和离心力的作用下沉降到管壁的过滤器上（即在离心力的作用下，把碳烟颗粒从气体内部甩向管壁），从而达到气体净化和颗粒两相分离的目的。 净化器装置内由离心力分离机构和二次过滤机构组成，产生离心力的电机由汽车照明电源驱动。其结构及工作原理是将