原子发射光谱定和定量分析.docVIP

【实验题目】 原子发射光谱定性和定量分析 【实验目的】 掌握光谱定性分析的一般原理和方法。 掌握光谱定量分析的一般原理和方法。 了解电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪的使用方法。 【实验原理】 但当原子受到能量(如热能、电能等)的作用时，原子由于与高速运动的气态粒子和电子相互碰撞而获得了能量，使原子中外层的电子从基态跃迁到处于激发态的原子是十分不稳定的，在极短的时间内便跃迁至基态或其它较低的能级上。当原子从较高能级跃迁到基态或其它较低的能级的过程中，将释放出多余的能量，这种能量是以一定波长的电磁波的形式辐射出去的，其辐射的能量可用下式表示：λ=c/v 每一种元素因其原子结构不同，受激发后都可以产生自己的特征光谱，每一种元素的特征光谱通常包含有很多谱线，谱线的强度各不相同。一个试样如含有若干种元素，谱线上就有这若干种元素的特征光谱，特征光谱的条数多少与各元素含量高低有关。当某元素含量降低时，其光谱中的弱线相继消失，而不被检出。最后消失的几条谱线叫“灵敏线”定性分析一般只需找出某元素的灵敏线即可确定该元素的存在。根据这些元素的特征光谱就可以准确无误的鉴别元素的存在(定性分析)，而这些光谱线的强度又与试样中该元素的含量有关，因此又可利用这些谱线的强度来测定元素的含量(定量分析)。光谱线的强度与试样中该元素的 trees 610 tree, and flower more than 6,000 more strains, built high standards even building greenhouse 152 square meters, hardening courtyard 1800 square meters, opened has hospital within circular Lane, makes organ environment further get has green, and landscaping and bright of. 　　Office building tension, disperse, managing difficult issues our departments Office space had been realigned, the maximum to meet the needs of departmental Office. 　　Six, foreign bodies, under the management of the business unit achieved a new breakthrough this year, overseas offices and business units based on their practice to the full, proactive and bold innovations, dare to break through and work have made gratifying achievements. One is to play to their own advantages, in terms of coordinating service onto a new stage. Units always put quality in an important position, pay attention to the function of the service, set up the good image, expanding influence. Liaison Office in Beijing and offices in blue, is located in the capital and the capital city of advantages, actively building the city opening, economic relations, investment platform, take the initiative to strengthen ties with Beijing, Orchid staff of, in particular, report on cohesion projects city and County personnel, the best of its ability to provide a variety of convenient, and strive to create sound environment for working and living. Also make full use of the estab