2014届高考化一轮复习典型易错讲解人教版 (山西专用)：第四章 非金属及其化合物10.docVIP

课时作业(十) (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) 一、选择题(本题包括12小题，每小题4分，共48分) 1．材料与化学密切相关，表中对应关系错误的是 (　　) 材料 主要化学成分 A 刚玉、金刚石 三氧化二铝 B 大理石、石灰石 碳酸钙 C 普通水泥、普通玻璃 硅酸盐 D 沙子、石英 二氧化硅 解析：A项，刚玉的主要化学成分为三氧化二铝，而金刚石的主要化学成分为碳。 答案：A 2．世界著名的科技史专家、英国剑桥大学的李约瑟博士考证说：“中国至少在距今3000年以前就已经使用玻璃了”。下列关于普通玻璃的叙述中，正确的是 (　　) A．它是人类最早使用的硅酸盐材料 B．制普通玻璃的原料主要是纯碱、石灰石和石英 C．它在加热熔化时有固定的熔点 D．无色玻璃是纯净物 答案：B 3．(2012年孝感统考)硅是构成无机非金属材料的一种主要元素，下列有关硅的化合物的叙述错误的是 (　　) A．氮化硅陶瓷是一种新型无机非金属材料，其化学式为Si3N4 B．碳化硅(SiC)的硬度大，熔点高，可用于制作高温结构陶瓷和轴承 C．光导纤维是一种新型无机非金属材料，其主要成分为SiO2 D．二氧化硅为立体网状结构，其晶体中硅原子和硅氧单键个数之比为1∶2 解析：二氧化硅晶体中，一个硅原子可形成4个硅氧单键，故硅原子和硅氧单键个数之比为1∶4，故D错误。 答案：D 4．下列离子方程式书写正确的是 (　　) A．往澄清石灰水中通入过量的二氧化碳： Ca2＋＋2OH－＋CO2===CaCO3↓＋H2O CO＋SiO2===SiO＋CO2↑ H2SiO3＋2OH－===SiO＋2H2O letters and calls, and do practical things for the masses combine good, effective through reaching people at the service of the last mile. Third, foster the development of new energy, new General Secretary XI Jinping stressed development of innovation forest restructuring, revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China is the States major strategy, Central has issued comprehensive opinions of revitalizing Northeast China and other old industrial bases, the CPC Central Committee on revitalization in Northeast China were ... Vigorous determination does not waver, the work does not slacken off. Be firm with in the development has more to do with hard, and not muddle along, passive inaction. To rely on their own efforts, cant wait, cant wait, stand still. This not only provides new opportunities for development in our region, and gave us new requirements. We must seize the opportunity, full use of national policy, has to be more complicated, to start and target, give full play to the initiative of leading cadres at all levels, active, active, focusing on building new momentum for development, accelerating transformation of forest development. To implement the new development philosophy. Philosophy is the action guide, new ideas and new developments.