工程制图开放实验二指导书.doc

工程图学与虚拟设计实验室 工程制图开放实验二指导书 图样画法——徒手绘制创新设计构型图样 编写：胡 琳 审稿：彭小波 2007年1月 实验二 图样画法——徒手绘制创新设计构型图样 一、实验目的 Objective 为加强自主动手能力空间想象能力，激发学生的创新设计潜能学生自主动手能力空间想象思维、分析问题解决问题能力培养By the practice of freehand sketching, students master skills and various kinds of representation methods of mechanical parts and structures, and improve their abilities of representation and freehand sketching. 实验要求 Requirements 学习视图的概念及国标规定。Study the concepts of views and related national standards. 学习徒手表达三维形体的绘图方法和技能。Study the methods of freehand sketching. 掌握绘图规范及国标要求。Master the construction methods of sections. 掌握对形体进行分析的方法。Master the construction methods of cuts. 掌握形体的合理表达方法。Master common simplified and conventional representations 实验内容 Contents 1．徒手绘制一张“构型积木”在包装盒内的原始摆放位置平面图；Draw a plan of the original positions of a box of “configuration building blocks” by free sketching. 2．利用“构型积木”自选题模仿实物形状及功能，进行自主创新构型设计；Carry out creative design using “configuration building blocks”, simulating real object shapes and functions. 3．运用“形体分析方法”对所设计的构型结构进行分析；Analyze the structure of the configuration using “Shape and Structure Analysis Method”. 4．确定合理的表达方案，并徒手绘制出其三视图。求将所设计的产品图样画在A3#图纸上。Decide a reasonable representation scheme and draw the three-view of the design by freehand sketching. 实验指导——徒手绘图方法与技巧 Methods and Skills of Freehand Sketching 徒手图也称草图，是不借助绘图工具用目测形状及大小徒手绘制的图样。在机器测绘、讨论设计方案、技术交流、现场参观时，受现场或时间限制，通常只绘制草图。Freehand, or sketch, is a drawing method by which shapes and sizes of objects are obtained by ocular estimate method and drawings are created without help of drawing tools. Sketches are often used in the stages of machine mapping, scheme design, technological exchange and so on. ? 画草图的要求是 Requirements（1）画线要稳，图线要清晰；Lines should be clear; （2）目测尺寸要尽量准，各部分比例匀称；Sizes obtained by ocular estimate method should be exact and parts should be shapely. （3）绘图速度要快；Drawing speed should be fast. （4）标注尺寸无误，书写清楚。Dimensions should be correct and clear. ? 徒手绘图方法 Skills要画好草图，必须掌握徒手绘制各种线条