2016年职称语语法大全：形容词、副词.docVIP

2016年职称英语语法大全：形容词、副词 一、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。 1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。 2、形容词在句子中的位置： 作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮) 作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理) 作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁) 后置的情况： 修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故) 与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：Hes 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里) 3、有关形容词的用法辨析： whole与all：记住两个词序： the whole + 名词; all (of) the + 名词。如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词) tall与high, short与low：指人的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物时一般用high与low。如：Hes very tall/short.(他个子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上) real与true：real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。如：This is a real diamond(钻石) and its very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗? 是的,我亲耳所听) interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。如：The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣) such用法： such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句)。如：I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记) good与well：表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well;表示“(身体)好”时用well.如：Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗?我很好。) nice与fine：的区别：nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;fine一般指身体或天气好。如：Lets go and share(分享) the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气!) /Hes fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错) too much与much too：too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;mu