第四章 形容词副词.docVIP

第四章 形容词和副词 一 形容词 1形容词的构成：很多形容词是通过改变名词的词尾构成的 History – historic music – musical fashion – fashionable beautiful – beautiful Depend – dependent effect – effective danger – dangerous hope – hopeless Child – childish wind – windy *以下以ly结尾的词，是形容词不是副词： deadly, friendly, likely, lively, lonely, lovely, orderly, silly, timely 2 形容词的作用 (1)作定语，放在所修饰的名词前：He is an intelligent boy. 下列形容词只能作定语放在名词前，不能做表语： A, 表类别的adj: chemical, chief, criminal, elder, entire, eventual, former, industrial, local, lone, main, maximum, medical, national, nuclear, only, outdoor, indoor, principal, social, underlying, whole B. 起强调作用的adj: mere, sheer, utter (2)作表语，与系动词appear, become, cook, die, fall, feel, go, get, grow, keep, lay, look, prove, remain, run, seem, smell, taste, sound, turn: Turn tender, die young, feel soft, lay flat, prove effective, remain single, smell bad, sound wonderful, turn yellow, come ture, go deaf, fall ill, run short. *下面adj作表语，不做定语放在n前: A. 以a开头的形容词: afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, ashamed, awake, aware B.健康状况和情感的adj: well, ill, faint, content, due, fond, glad, likely, ready, sorry, sure, unable, upset *作表语和定语的两种形式： 表语 alive afraid alike asleep ill 定语 Live/living frightened similar sleeping sick Live: 活的，活生生的，是dead的反义词，主要修饰动物: a live animal/fish/elephant Living: 某人是活的，a living animal/fish/elephant/man Ill: (bad, harmful) ill luck, ill wind, ill news It’s an ill wind that blows nobody good. (3)作补语：She came home sick.(主语补语) The news made everyone happy.(宾语补语) 以下动词经常可接形容词作宾语补足语：beat, believe, consider, cut, dye, eat, find, get, have, hold, lay, leave, like, make, paint, prefer, prove, pull, push, report, see, send, set, shout, suppose, think, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish. beat him black and blue, consider him innocent dye her hair brown drive sb. mad/crazy eat himself sick leace sb. homeless paint the door white prove your worries groundless (4)作状语，表伴随状况，原因，让步：Eager to see the sunrise, they got up at four. (原因) He went to bed,