建筑预算决策阶存在的缺陷.docVIP

　建筑预算决策阶段存在的缺陷 建筑施工图预算，是建设单位在实现和完成建筑工程项目所花费的一个预期目标值。它是在建筑工程项目开始实施前进行的对项目费用的一种展望和预测，同工程结算（动态）有着质的区别。预算编制超前性注定了从一开始其自身就存在着不可避免的缺陷和问题。影响因素有以下几个方面： Building construction drawing budget, is the construction unit in the implementation and completion of the construction project cost by the expected target. It was conducted before the construction project started a prospect and forecast to project cost, project settlement (dynamic) has a qualitative difference. Budgeting advanced doomed from the beginning itself there are inevitable defects and problems. Influence factor has the following several aspects: 　　第一：工程阶段性对预算的影响。一项建筑工程要经历决策、设计、实施三个阶段，预算是建筑施工图设计阶段中的产物，它产生在实施阶段之前，这就决定了预算的局限性。（1）建筑材料差价对预算的影响。在市场经济条件下，建筑材料价格将会有进一步的变化。（2）国家 政策性调价。建筑工程的阶段性是有建筑工程的时间性决定的，每一个阶段依循着一定步骤，不能将下一道工序的时间提前。而国家每一阶段都可能进行政策性调价。（3）预算没有考虑现场签证。现场签证是建筑施工期产物，产生的原因多种多样。包括：基坑排水、土方坍塌、地下障碍、文物、自然灾害等。（4）预算没有特殊施工技术措施。工程造价主要是由工程实体性消耗部分和措施性消耗部分决定的。实体性消耗部分一般是施工图及说明所描述的工程实体部分计算，不应有较大出入。而措施性消耗部分，则因施工的环境、方法、工艺、手段不同产生差异。把影响概预算质量的制约因素消灭在萌芽状态，实现以防为主的自我质量控制，同时建立“质量消息”卡，对中间检查出的问题逐项记录、分析原因、制定对策，从而提高概预算成品质量的目的。 The first: periodic impact on budget. A construction project has decision, design, implementation of three stages, the budget is building construction drawing design stage, the products it produces in the implementation stage, before its decided the limitation of budget. (1) construction material price difference of the impact on the budget. Under the condition of market economy, building materials prices there will be further changes. (2) the national policy adjustment. The stage construction is a construction project and timeliness of decision, each phase according to certain steps, cant advance the time of next procedure. Each stage may be the country of pricing policy. (3) budget did not consider the scene visa. The causes of site visa is building construction products, wide variety. Includes: foundation pit drainage, earthwork collapse, underground obstacles, cultural relics, natural disasters, etc. (4) th