公路桥梁专业 公路（高速） 中英文对照---毕业设计论文 外文文献翻译.docVIP

The road (highway) The road is one kind of linear construction used for travel. It is made of the roadbed, the road surface, the bridge, the culvert and the tunnel. In addition, it also has the crossing of lines, the protective project and the traffic engineering and the route facility. The roadbed is the base of road surface, road shoulder, side slope, side ditch foundations. It is stone material structure, which is designed according to routes plane position .The roadbed, as the base of travel, must guarantee that it has the enough intensity and the stability that can prevent the water and other natural disaster from corroding. The road surface is the surface of road. It is single or complex structure built with mixture. The road surface require being smooth, having enough intensity, good stability and anti-slippery function. The quality of road surface directly affects the safe, comfort and the traffic. The route marking is one kind of traffic safety facility painted by oil paint or made by the concrete and tiles on high-level, less high-type surface. Its function is coordinating the sign to make the effective control to the transportation, directing the vehicles skip road travel, serving unimpeded and the safe purpose. Our country’s road route marking has the lane median line, the traffic lane boundary, the curb line, the parking line, the conduction current belt, the pedestrian crossing line, the four corners center circle, the parking azimuth line. The route marking has the continual solid line, the broken line and the arrow indicator and its color uses the white or the yellow. The arch of bridge is the structure which strides over rivers, mountain valley and channel. It is made generally by steel rod, concrete and stone. The tunnel is the cave which connects both sides of the road. The technique of this construction is very complex, the cost of the projects is higher than common road .However, it reduces the driving distance between two places, enhances the