Chapter 1 The Environment课件.pptVIP

Chapter 1 The Environment Used in a broad sense广义上讲, the environment means the global surroundings that affect our lives. This chapter will enable you to: Understand the nature 性质and terminology术语 of the environment. Understand the links between the natural and built environment Understand the nature of climate and its controlling factors Understand the scientific aspects of global warming Appreciate认知 the issues associated with control of greenhouse gases 温室气体and global warming Identify明确 the main factors因素 for human comfort within the built environment Three main topics 1.1 THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 建筑环境 1.2 CLIMATE 气候 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT 环境舒适性 1.1 The Built Environment 建筑环境 Natural environment自然环境 is the entire environment, without human presence or interference. include: climate, mountains, hills, rivers and lakes, rocks, soil, trees and plants Built environment 建筑环境 is formed by the buildings and other structures that humans construct in the natural environment. include: buildings, water and drainage , transport , power, communication systems. Connections between natural built environment环境之间的联系 Early humans made use of natural shelters天然的遮蔽处, such as caves, then built shelters using available materials like animal hides兽皮, stones, straw秸秆, or wood. To provide shelter from the weather and animals attack Climate is a major factor in determining the features of building together with the availability of building materials and skills. A built environment responds to the local natural environment！！ Interaction and issues建筑与自然的相互作用和引起的问题 1 Consumption of non-replenishable 不可再生 resources such as fossil fuel 化石燃料 2 Consumption of resources without replacement, such as hardwood forests硬木森林 3 Harmful changes to local habitat栖息地, such as deforestation森林砍伐 4 Harmful changes to global habitat, such as climate change气候变化. 1.2 Climate 气候 A local climate can be linked factors listed below: 1.2.1 Geographical latitude 地理纬度 1.2.2 Season of the year 季节 1.2