不同品种头花蓼叶片的比较解剖学论述.doc

不同品种头花蓼叶片的比较解剖学研究 高凯悦1，廖海民1，刘世会2,3*，赵德刚1,2* (贵州大学1. 生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院，山地植物资源保护与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室；2. 贵州省农业生物工程重点实验室；3. 药学院；贵州 贵阳 550025） [摘 要] 头花蓼叶片横切面由表皮、叶肉和叶脉三部分组成。表皮包括表皮细胞、气孔器和表皮毛组成。上表皮细胞垂周壁近平直，细胞近方形，下表皮细胞垂周壁呈波状弯曲长条形。气孔器为无规则型，上表皮气孔数明显少于下表皮。表皮毛仅分布于叶脉上，下表皮相对较多。叶肉包括栅栏组织和海绵组织二部分，栅栏组织二列，细胞呈长柱形；海绵组织细胞近圆形，排列疏松。叶脉为外韧维管束类型，主脉具两个维管束，上下排列，近轴面维管束较小，其韧皮部朝下，木质部朝上；远轴面维管束相对较大，木质部和韧皮部的排列与近轴面维管束相反。在研究的4个头花蓼材料中，多倍体与其它品种中，多倍体的形态解剖结构特征相对于其它三栅栏组织和海绵组织二3个二倍体品种比较，形态解剖结构特征有明显差异。其气孔密度较小，叶片较厚，栅栏组织发达，表明四倍体品种具有较强的抗寒性，对环境的适应能力更强。 [关键词] 头花蓼；叶片；四倍体；比较解剖 [中图分类号] Q944.5 [文献标识码] A Comparative Anatomy of the Blades from Different Varieties of Polygonum capitatum GAO Kaiyue1，LIAO Haiin1，LIU Shiui2,3*， ZHAO Deang1, 2* (1. College of life sciences and Institute of Agro-Bioengineering，Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) 2. Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering, 3. College of Pharmacy. Guizhou University，Guiyang，Guizhou 550025 China) Abstract: Polygonum capitatum blade cross-section has three components including epidermis, mesophyll and vein. The epidermis are consists of epidermal cells, stomata apparatus and trichomes. The upper epidermal cell is almost like a square and its anticlinal wall runs close to straight. The lower epidermis cell anticlinal wall presents waviness strip shape. The stomata is anomocytic type, and the number of the upper epidermis stomatal is significantly less than the lower epidermis. The trichomes distributed only on the veinsis and the number of trichomes is relatively more than lower epidermis. The mesophyll is consists of palisade tissue and spongy tissue, the palisade tissue cells like long column shape and are arranged vertically, the spongy tissue cells nearly like suborbicular and are loosely arranged. The veins a