Chapter05 translocation of photoassimilates.ppt

Plant Physiology Chapter 5 Translocation and partitioning of photoassimilatesp123-143 1.The allocation of fixed carbon (photoassimilate) 2. Photoassimilate transport systems 3.Phloem translocation 4. Partitioning of photoassimilate in the different organs 5.Factors that regulate the distribution of photoassimilate Section1 Starch and sucrose are biosynthesized in two different compartments The appropriation of carbon fixed by the photosynthetic carbon reduction (PCR) cycle into either starch or sucrose biosynthesis is called carbon allocation. Starchy leaf: soybean, spinach, tobacco Sugar leaf: wheat, barley, oat 1. Starch is biosynthesized in the stroma The dominant storage carbohydrate in higher plants is the polysaccharide starch. Amylose Amylopectin 2. Sucrose is biosynthesized in the cytosol A soluble disaccharide: G + F. The more abundant natural products not only play a vital role in plant life but is also a leading commercial commodity. Translocation to other nonphotosynthetic tissues for direct metabolic use or for conversion to starch Strorage products in sugarbeet or sugarcane 3.Sucrose synthesis is regulated by fructose -2,6-biphosphate (F2,6P). Section 2 Translocation systems of assimilate in plant Fruit stores photoassimilate 2.1 Photoassimilates are translocated by the two systems Short-distance transport systems Long-distance transport system Intercellular transport pathway ---plasmodesma is consist of endoplasmic reticulum , plama membrane, central rod, spoke-like extensions, desmotubule and cytoplasmic sleeve (figure 5-5).  106~107/mm2 in plant The plasmodesma is ?3nm, can transport the limited molecule of 800-1000D, but virus 10000D. Plasmodesma function： Substance transport and information transduction. Less resistance to substance transport cell by cell because of no transmembrane transport. Such as the resistance for plasma membrane is 0.31Ω/m2，for tonoplast 0.1Ω/m2 and for plasmadesma 0.05Ω/m2. 3. Short distance tra