Module 6–Industrial Ecologists Introduction to Industrial.pptVIP

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Module 6–Industrial Ecologists Introduction to Industrial.ppt

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Module 6–Industrial Ecologists Introduction to Industrial

Module 6 – Industrial Ecologists Introduction to Industrial Ecology Robert Ayres Overview Background and definition Major themes in industrial ecology (IE) Authors contributing to this volume Case studies Summary and conclusion Background of Industrial Ecology Historical Views on Population and Growth Cornucopians: Those who favor extreme technology and growth. (Herman Kahn, the Hudson Institute Cowboys: Those who favor the ‘endless frontier’ viewpoint. (Boulding) Spaceship Economy: Those who see the world as possessing finite resources. Cornucopians Belief that technology will solve all problems. Given a reasonably free market, technology can generally be depended on to find a substitute for almost any scarce material resource input (except for energy itself.) Cowboys Resource scarcity seems to be a non-issue. There will always be virgin lands to tame and exploit for human consumption. Spaceship Economy Advocates believe in the importance of mutual cooperation and conservation They agree that technology has positive potential but does not ensure sustainability Background Minimizing Environmental Impact The IPAT Equation: (Environmental) Impact = P * GP * IG where: P = Population GP = Per capita GNP (Affluence) IG = Environmental impact per unit of [GP] (Technology) Background Minimizing Environmental Impact Population is a social, not a technological issue Standard of living (as expressed by per capita GDP) can be expected to continue rising slightly Reducing [IG] offers the best hope for reducing global environmental impact, “transition to sustainable development” Background Industry – Environment Relationship Past: REMEDIATION of effects of poor waste disposal methods Present: CONTROLS on toxics, emissions Future: DESIGN for benevolent interaction between industrial and environmental systems Yesterday’s Need + Yesterday’s Solution = Today’s Problem Industrial Ecology Seeks the essential integration of human systems into natural systems Minimizes ener