4. Fruit Dispersal 果实.pptVIP

Example of Synzooichory from Private Life of Plants video Brazil nut in South America must be chewed open by rodent called Agouti that caches seeds Examples of Endozooichory in Birds -as in flower color, they like red, dark or yellow fruits with little odor Magnoliaceae- Magnolia -red seeds released from aggregates of follicles Solanaceae- Physalis berries Pgs 1023- 1025 Cactaceae-red berries Pgs. 482-494 Rosaceae-many red berries, pomes, and drupes. Often ripen over a period of time to use many different animals Anacardiaceae-sumac drupes Pgs. 232-235 Example of Endozooichory in birds from Private Life of Plants video Tropical figs are yellow and attract monkeys and birds. Monkies destroy fruits while birds swallow whole. Fruits the color of wattles (loose skin used as sexual attractant in birds) attract the flightless New Guinea cassowary Example of Endozooichory in mammals Fabaceae Prosopis (mesguite) legumes Pgs. 688-689 -found in manure of cattle where they often germinate Bats like drab colors and strong odors from large hanging fruits like Mangifera (mango) Examples of Endozooichory in mammals from Private Life of Plants video Durion tree from Borneo (flowers pollinated by fruit bats) attracts primates from km away with terrible odor. Flesh of capsule tastes like caramel crème Rhino apple tree fruits dispersed in dung Acacia legumes dispersed in elephant dung in Africa. Elephants push over trees to get legumes maintaining savannah Anemochory -often lightweight seeds or fruits -seeds or fruits (samaras) may be winged Three types of anemochoric dispersal Flyers Rollers Throwers Examples of anemochorous flyers Orchidaceae- Pgs 1212-1222 SMIFNCT -capsules with _____ seeds Typhaceae Pgs. 1348-1351 -pubescent nutlets Asteraceae- -many species with _____ on achenes Ex. Taraxacum (dandelion) Pgs. 418-419 Salicaceae- Pgs. 974-981 -capsules with hairy seeds in willows and Cottonwoods Ulmaceae- Pgs. 1038-1041 -samaras Examples of