IEC61508标准术语.doc

基本术语一、IEC 61508标准术语说明：以下术语摘录自功能安全标准IEC61508和国家标准GB/T20438。4。故术语标号也未曾改动。 3.1安全术语3.1.1伤害 harmphysical injury or damage to the health of people either directly or indirectly as a result of damage to property or to the environment.由于对财产或环境的破坏而导致的直接或间接地对人体健康的损害或对人身的损伤。3.1.2危险 hazardpotential source of harm伤害的潜在根源3.1.3危险情况 hazardous situationcircumstance in which a person is exposed to hazard(s)人暴露于危险的环境。3.1.4　危险事件 hazardous eventhazardous situation which results in harm导致伤害的危险情况。3.1.5　风险 riskcombination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm出现伤害的概率及该伤害严重性的组合。3.1.6允许风险 tolerable riskrisk which is accepted in a given context based on the current values of society根据当今社会的水准,在给定的范围内能够接受的风险。3.1.7残余风险 residual riskrisk remaining after protective measures have been taken采取防护措施以后仍存在的风险。3.1.8安全 safety freedom from unacceptable risk不存在不可接受的风险。3.1.9功能安全 functional safety part of the overall safety relating to the EUC and the EUC control system which depends on the correct functioning of the E/E/PE safety-related systems, other technology safety-related systems and external risk reduction facilities与EUC和EUC控制系统有关的整体安全的组成部分，它取决于E/E/PE安全相关系统，其它技术安全相关系统和外部风险降低设施功能的正确行使。3.1.10安全状态 safe stateState of the EUC when safety is achieved达到安全时EUC的状态。3.1.11　合理的可预见的误用 reasonable foreseeable misuse Use of a product, process or service under conditions or for purposes not intended by the supplier, but which can happen, induced by the product, process or service in combination with, or as a result of, common human behaviour由于产品、过程或服务加上人的行为习惯而导致的，或者作为人的行为习惯的一个结果有可能发生的，未按照供方要求的条件和用途对产品、过程和服务的使用。 ? ? 3.2 设备和装置 Equipment and devices3.2.1功能单元 functional unit Entity of hardware or software, or both, capable of accomplishing a specified purpose能够完成规定目的的软件、硬件或两者相结合的实体。3.2.2软件 software intellectual creation comprising the programs, procedures, data, rules and any associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a data