托福阅读题之澳大利亚土著的岩石艺术.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料 托福阅读题之澳大利亚土著的岩石艺术 摘要： 托福阅读题之澳大利亚土著的岩石艺术，下面是小马过河为同学们搜集整理的托福阅读题之澳大利亚土著的岩石艺术的相关信息，小马过河为同学们整理好，供同学们参考。  文章词汇words  rock art岩石艺术  motif艺术主题  style艺术风格  tradition艺术流派  symbol符号  figurative image象征图案【 托福 阅读】  geometric image几何图案  Iconography图像学  naturalism自然主义  aboriginal土著的  informant信息提供者  文章翻译translation  一、澳大利亚岩石艺术的发现过程  Ever since European first explored Australia, people have been trying to understand theancient rock drawings and carvings created by the Aborigines, the original inhabitants of thecontinent. Early in the nineteenth century, encounters with Aboriginal rock art tended to beinfrequent and open to speculative interpretation, but since the late nineteenth century,awareness of the extent and variety of Australian rock art has been growing. In the latterdecades of the twentieth century there were intensified efforts to understand and record theabundance of Australian rock art.自从欧洲人第一次探索澳大利亚，人们就开始了解那些大陆的原始居民-土著人创造的古代岩石画和岩石雕刻。在十九世纪早期，人们并不经常见到这些土著的岩石艺术，并且对此只有一些推断性的解释，但是自十九世纪晚期以来，人们对这些现存的种类繁多数量庞大的澳大利亚岩石艺术的了解越来越多。后来的二十世纪几十年里，更多的精力被投入到了解和记录这些数量众多的澳大利亚岩石艺术中。  二、关于澳大利亚岩石艺术的的三个问题  The study of this art is a relatively new discipline in Australia. Over the past four decades newdiscoveries have steadily added to the body of knowledge. The most significant data have comefrom a concentration on three major questions. First, what is the age of Australian rock art?Second, what is its stylistic organization and is it possible to discern a sequence or a patternof development between styles? Third, is it possible to interpret accurately the subject matterof ancient rock art, bring to bear all available archaeological techniques and the knowledge ofpresent-day Aboriginal informants?岩石艺术的研究在澳大利亚是一门相对比较新的学科，在过去四十多年的发现使这门学科不断变得充实。其中最有意义的资料主要集中于三个问题：首先，澳大利亚岩石艺术的年代。第二，它的组织风格是什么?是否可能找出这一系列风格的发展变化的顺序或者模式?第三，有没有可能在利用当前的考古技术和对当今土著博学者的信