Anat of Skin 皮肤解剖学.pptVIP

Anatomy of the Skin Rich Callahan MSPA, PA-C ICM I Summer 2009 Before Pathophysiology Comes Anatomy One of the keys to your knowledge of skin disease is understanding the anatomy of the skin and the particular way a given skin disease affects it. Anatomy of skin also important during dermatologic procedures like skin biopsy, excisions and EDC. Skin Anatomy – Basic Overview Skin essentially composed of 3 layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutis subcutaneous tissue. Epidermis is outermost layer – primarily functional and protective. Subdivided into five layers which migrate upwards and whose purpose is ultimately to form the end layer, or stratum corneum – the outer layer of dead cells that protects us from our environment. Process is called keratinization. The first function of skin is physical protection from the environment. Protection From: ? UV radiation ? Physical trauma ? Liquids there is a reason we’re waterproof ? Dehydration ? Sudden temperature shifts ? Microbes First line of defense is the stratum corneum, which is primarily composed of laminated keratin. Definition of Keratin  From Taber’s Medical Dictionary “A family of durable protein polymers that are found only in epithelial cells. They provide structural strength to skin, hair and nails. The fibrous protein is produced by keratinocytes.” Thoroughly understanding the process of keratinization which takes place in the epidermis will unlock answers for many skin diseases because so many of them are disorders of it. Keratin Comes from the Greek word “keras” for horn. The outer layer of epidermis, the stratum corneum, gets its name from the Latin word for horn. My first question was: Where were the people who make up these names seeing a horn Perhaps it is because the phenomenon of cutaneous horn is the most overt keratinizing process Multiple underlying pathologies can cause a cutaneous horn: Verruca vulgaris common wart Actinic Keratosis AK Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC Seborr