How Populations Evolve.ppt

How Populations Evolve Learning Objectives Comprehend (describe/predict): Evolution theory List the evidence for evolution theory Comprehend and list the mechanisms of evolution Ex: natural selection All organisms are adapted to the environment in which they live Evolutionary Adaptations Evolutionary adaptations are inherited traits that enhance an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment Evolution: change in genetic inheritance over time History of Evolution Cont’d. In the early 1800’s Larmark suggested that evolution was responsible for the similarity between fossils and living organisms However, Larmark suggested that organisms evolve by using or not using body parts Giraffes developed longer necks due to stretching History of Evolution Cont’d. After his voyage on the Beagle to the Galapagos, and after a period of study, Darwin wrote On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859) referred to evolution as “Descent with Modification” He developed the theory of evolution D:\Charles Darwin\Charles Darwin.mpg History of Evolution Cont’d. Darwin postulated that: the descendents of the earliest organisms spread over the continents over millions of years, adapting to local environments The history of life resembled a tree At each fork of the tree, is a common ancestor The dog and wolf share a common ancestor History of Evolution Cont’d. Evolution is the unifying theme in biology An abundance of support through repeated testing Over the years, other scientists have added to the theory of evolution Support: Fossils Support: Fossils Support: Fossils Chronological Appearance of Vertebrates Support: Fossils Support: Fossils Other Support: Biogeography Biogeography: geographic distribution of species Galapagos Islands Environment similar to tropical islands However, animals resembled species of nearby South America Galapagos species evolved from South American immigrant species Other Support: Comparative Anatomy Comparative