理化分析考试 整理成四页纸.docVIP

一、X-ray properties 1. X-ray is an electromagnetic wave, is wave-particle duality； 2. X-ray wavelength： 10－2 ~ 102 ? 3. X-ray (（ ?）、Vibration frequency ( and Spread speed C（m·s-1）relationship ( = c / ( 4. X-rays can be thought of as certain energy E, momentum P, quality m X-ray flow E = hv （1-2） P = h / ( （1-3） H Plancks constant，h = 6.626176(10-27erg ，Is the Max Planck in 1900, first introduced research blackbody radiation microscopic phenomenon, it is the representation of quantum properties. X-ray high penetration ability，can pass through black paper And many of the material for visible opaque； X-ray naked eye can observe，But can make the picture a photographic plate. In some of the material, make through the outer electronic material atomic transition occurred a visible； X-rays can kill biological cells, tissues and human tissue, Under the radiation X-ray will produce certain, physiological reaction. 二、X-ray spectrum spectrum ： Continuous spectrum: The wavelength of continuous change intensity of continuous spectrum. Characteristic spectral：Certainly, the strength of the big wave spectrum characteristic spectral features only when the pipe voltage over a certain value Vk (stimulate voltage) will produce, only depends on the anode material, different target of target has its special characteristic spectral lines. Characteristic spectral lines, also called mark since then mark the physical elements. Continuous X-ray spectrum Each tube voltage of the continuous spectrum Continuous spectrum of experiential formula can be expressed as： C is constants, Z of anode material atomic number. Characteristic spectral Mo target X ray tube issued X spectral intensity (35kV) The Interaction between X-Rays and Matter 三、 The Interaction between X-Rays and Matter （上图所示） 四、 X-ray scattering Atomic X-ray scattering: make the X-ray scattering occurs mostly material of free electrons and the nucleus of the free electrons, which c