语法7.docVIP

语法7 Lecture 8 Pronouns 8.1 Introduction: Pronouns are a varied closed-class words with nominal function. English has a developed pronoun system, comprising: personal pronouns possessive pronouns reflective pronouns pronouns reciprocal pronouns demonstrative pronouns interrogative pronouns relative pronouns indefinite pronouns 8.2 The concord of pronouns with their antecedent in number, gender and person 8.2.1 Pronoun concord in number e.g. One (antecedent) must remember to remain very still when one / he attends a concert. 1) Pronoun concord with every-, some-, any-, no-, compounds as antecedent A. When the antecedent is a compound such as –one, -body, the pronoun and the corresponding determiner usually follow the principle of grammatical concord and take the singular form. e.g. If anybody calls, tell him I’ll be back later. But in informal style, they can follow the principle of notional concord and take the plural form. e.g. Everyone was clapping their hands. B. When the antecedent is a compound such as –thing, the pronoun and the corresponding determiner can only take the singular form e.g. Everything is ready, isn’t it? 2) Pronoun concord with coordinate construction as antecedent When the antecedent is a coordinate construction, the number forms of the pronoun and corresponding determiner are generally determined by the plural or singular meaning of the coordination. e.g. My friend and roommate has agreed to lend his car. My friend and my roommate have agreed to lend their cars. 3) Pronoun concord with collective noun as antecedent When the antecedent is a collective noun, the choice of the number forms of the pronoun and corresponding determiner depends on the meaning of the collective noun in the context. e.g. The team has won its first game. The team are now having their